394 



POLEMONIACEAE (PHLOX FAMILY) 



98. POLEMONIACEAE Vent. PHLOX FAMILY 



Herbs with alternate or opposite leaves and regular 5-merous flowers. 

 Calyx persistent, imbricated. Corolla convolute in the bud. Stamens either 

 equally or unequally inserted. Ovary 3-celled, with 3-lobed style. Pod 3- 

 celled, 3-ovuled, loculicidal, few-many-seeded. Seed coat frequently muci- 

 laginous when moistened and emitting spiral threads. 



Leaves simple and entire, often crowded or imbricated. 



Perennials with opposite leaves . . . . . . . 1 . Phlox. 



Perennials with alternate leaves, or if annuals the leaves either oppo- 

 site or alternate. 



Stem leafless except for the pair of cotyledons; plants very small . 2. Gymnosteris. 

 Stems leafy. 



Calyx not ruptured by the maturing capsule; stamens unequally 



inserted; ovules solitary ....... 3. Collomia. 



Calyx at length ruptured by the maturing capsule; stamens 



equally inserted; ovules more than 1 in each cell . . .4. Gilia. 

 Leaves pinnate or pinnatifid. 



Leaves and calyx-teeth spinulose-tipped ...... 5. Navarretia. 



Leaves and calyx-teeth herbaceous ....... 6. Polemonium. 



1. PHLOX L. PHLOX * 



Perennials (except a few southern species, such as P. Drummondii of the 

 gardens), with opposite and sessile, perfectly entire leaves, the floral often 

 alternate. Flowers cymose, mostly bracted; the open clusters terminal or 

 crowded in the upper axils. Calyx narrow, somewhat prismatic, or plaited 

 and angled. Corolla salverform, with a long tube. Stamens very unequally 

 inserted in the tube of the corolla, included. Capsule ovoid, with sometimes 

 2 ovules, but ripening only a single seed in each cell. Our Rocky Mountain 

 forms are somewhat suffrutescent, chiefly with narrow or minute and thickish- 

 margined leaves, and branches or peduncles mostly 1-flowered. 



Pulvinate or caespitose. 



Flowers solitary, the annual growth 1-flowered. 

 Leaves beset with woolly, cobwebby hairs. 



Densely arachnoid-lanate; leaves scale-like, imbricated. 



Leaves 4-ranked; corolla-tube much longer than the calyx . 



Leaves not 4-ranked; corolla-tube not longer than the calyx 



Sparsely arachnoid-lanate or glabrate; leaves subulate, often 



bisulcate. 

 Corolla-tube much longer than the calyx .... 



Corolla-tube but little if any longer than the calyx. 



Leaves sparsely lanate ....... 



Leaves green and glabrate ...... 



Leaves not beset with woolly cobwebby hairs. 



Leaves hispid-ciliate and often glandular-pubescent. 

 Leaves not thickened-cartilaginous on the margins. 



Leaves bisulcate, oblong-linear ..... 



Leaves plane, lance-linear ...... 



Leaves thickened-cartilaginous on the margins 

 Leaves glabrous, only the inflorescense pubescent, or the whole 



plant glabrate. 

 Leaves plane; flowers pedunculate ..... 



Leaves involute; flowers subsessile ..... 



Flowers not solitary, the annual stems 2-several-flowered. 



Stems from a rhizome, erect; leaves bisulcate .... 



Stems caespitose-spreading; leaves plane ..... 



Scarcely tufted, suffrutescent or nearly herbaceous. 

 Glabrate or puberulent, not glandular. 



Stems few, slender, 1-3 dm. high ....... 



Stems numerous, less than 1 dm. high ...... 



Pubescent and glandular. 



Corolla-tube more than twice as long as the calyx. 



Pubescence minute ......... 



Pubescence coarse 



Corolla-tube less than twice as long as the calyx .... 



1. P. bryoides. 



2. P. muscoides. 



3. P. canescens. 



4. P. Hoodii. 



5. P. glabrata. 



6. P. condensata. 



7. P. caespitosa. 



8. P. alyssifolia. 



9. P. multiflora. 



10. P. depressa. 



11. P. andicola. 



12. P. Kelseyi. 



13. P. longifolia. 



14. P. cernua. 



15. P. puberula. 



16. P. Stansburyi. 



17. P. nana. 



* The treatment of this genus is adapted-from Elias Nelson's excellent " Revision of 

 Western North American Phloxes," Ninth Rep. Wyo. Agr'l College, 1899, 



