VERBENACEAE (VERVAIN FAMILY) 425 



like appendage. Style short, stigmatic on only one of its lobes. Sponta- 

 neous hybrids are known to be common. 



Flowers small, spicate; anthers unappendaged. 

 Spike slender; bracts inconspicuous. 



Plants glabrate or sparsely rough-hirsute . . . , . 1. V. hastata. 



Plants densely soft-pubescent . . . . . . . 2. V. stricta. 



Spike thick; bracts surpassing the flowers . . . . . 3. V. bracteosa. 



Flowers large, capitate, becoming spicate; anthers of the longer sta- 

 mens appendaged. 



Bracts surpassing the calyx . . . . % . . . 4. V. bipinnatifida. 



Bracts shorter than the calyx . . . '. ' . " : .5. V. canadensis. 



1. Verbena hastata L. Sp. PI. 20. 1753. Tall perennial 9-15 dm. high, 

 glabrate or sparsely rough-hirsute or scabrous: leaves lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, cut-serrate, petioled, the lower sometimes hastately 

 lobed at base: spikes linear, panicled, peduncled, 5-12 cm. long; flowers blue; 

 bracts ovate-acuminate, not surpassing the flowers: fruits crowded or over- 

 lapping, 2-3 mm. high. BLUE VERVAIN. Common from the Atlantic region 

 to eastern Wyoming and south to New Mexico and Texas. 



2. Verbena stricta Vent. Descr. PL Jard. Cels. pi. 53. 1800. Lower, 3-7 dm. 

 high, softly cinereous or hoary-pubescent, simple or branched: leaves ovate 

 or oblong, nearly sessile, sharply often doubly serrate, rarely incised, thickish 

 and rugose-veiny, 3-7 cm. long: spikes dense, thicker, canescent, 1-2 dm. 

 long; flowers blue or purplish; bracts lanceolate-subulate, about as long as 

 the calyx: fruit larger. HOARY VERVAIN. Extending eastward from our 

 range. 



3. Verbena bracteosa Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 3: 13. 1803. Perennial, branched 

 from the base, diffuse or decumbent, hirsute: leaves cuneate-oblong or cuneate- 

 obovate, narrowed into a short-margined petiole, pinnately incised or 3-cleft 

 and coarsely dentate: spikes terminating the branches; bracts rigid and some- 

 what foliaceous, surpassing the flowers, the lowest often pinnatifid or incised: 

 corolla purplish-blue. Plains and waste grounds; across the continent. 



4. Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 2: 123. 1821. Hispid- 

 hirsute, 1-3 dm. high: leaves usually 4-10 dm. long, bipinnately parted or 

 3-parted into more or less bipinnatifid divisions, the lobes linear or broader: 

 spikes elongated in age; bracts mostly surpassing the calyx: limb of bluish- 

 purple corolla 8-10 mm. broad: fruit 3-4 mm. high, the nutlets usually 

 retrorsely scabrous on the commissure. Dry plains east of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains from Dakota to Mexico. This and the next frequently found in cul- 

 tivation, though mostly the hybrid forms. 



5. Verbena canadensis (L.) Brit. Mem. Torr. Club 5: 276. 1894. Slender, 

 3 dm. high or less, soft-pubescent or glabrate: leaves 3-5 cm. long, ovate or 

 ovate-oblong in outline, cuneate at base, incisely lobed and toothed, often 

 more deeply 3-cleft: spikes pedunculate, elongated in fruit; bracts shorter 

 than or equaling the calyx : limb of reddish-purple or lilac corolla 14-18 mm. 

 broad: fruit 5-6 mm. high; the nutlets minutely white-dotted or nearly 

 smooth on the commissure. V . Aubletia Jacq. Southern Colorado, southward 

 and eastward. 



2. LIPPIA L. 



Herbs or shrubs, with spikes or heads of small flowers and short often flattened 

 2-4-toothed or 2-lipped calyx inclosing the dry fruit which separates into 

 2 nutlets. Corolla 2-lipped, the upper lip notched, the lower 3-lobed. Stamens 

 4, didynamous. Style short, slender; the stigma oblique. 



Peduncles scarcely longer than the leaves 1. L. cuneifolia. 



Peduncles much longer than the leaves . . . . . . . 2. L. lanceolata. 



1. Lippia cuneifolia (Torr.) Steud. Torr. in Marcy Rep. 293. pi. 17. 1853. 

 Diffusely branched, procumbent, minutely canescent throughout: leaves 

 rigid, cuneate-linear, sessile, incisely 2-6-toothed above the middle: peduncles 

 mostly shorter than the leaves; bracts rigid, broadly cuneate, abruptly acumi- 



