514 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



lanceolate; uppermost reduced to bracts: bracts of the short hemispherical in- 

 volucre rather fleshy and green, moderately unequal and rather loose, in only 

 2 or 3 ranks: achenes narrow, compressed, striate-nerved, appressed-pubescent. 

 In saline soil; from New Mexico and Arizona to Utah; infrequent. 



10. Aster conspicuus Lindl. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 7. 1834. Scabrous; 

 stems 3-10 dm. high, stout, rigid, bearing several or numerous corymbosely 

 cymose heads: leaves rigid, ovate, oblong, or the lower oboyate, acute, ample, 

 often 9-12 cm. long, 3-8 cm. broad, acutely serrate, reticulate-venulose as 

 well as veiny: involucre broadly campanulate, about equaling the disk, 10-12 

 mm. high; the bracts in several series, minutely glandular-puberulent or vis- 

 cidulous, lanceolate, acute, the greenish tips a little spreading: rays 12 mm. 

 long, violet: achenes minutely pubescent. In the mountains; Wyoming and 

 Montana to Washington. 



11. Aster integrifolius Nutt. 1. c. Stems stout, simple, 2-4 dm. high or 

 more, villous-pubescent, the summit and the simple corymb glandular and 

 viscid : leaves of firm texture, oblong or spatulate, or the upper ones lanceolate, 

 the larger ones 10-15 cm. long, sometimes obsoletely repand-serrulate, apic- 

 ulate, traversed by a strong midrib, glabrate, half-clasping; lowest tapering 

 into a long, stout, wing-margined petiole with clasping base: heads fully 12-15 

 mm. broad, hemispherical ; involucre and branchlets viscid-glandular; the bracts 

 few-ranked, linear, ascending; the outer commonly larger and more foliaceous, 

 nearly equaling the inner: rays 15-25, bluish-purple, 12 mm. long: achenes 

 compressed-fusiform, 5-nerved, and sometimes with intermediate nerves, 

 sparsely pubescent; pappus decidedly rigid. Moist open subalpine woods; 

 Colorado to Montana and to the Pacific States. 



12. Aster novae-angliae L. Sp. PI. 875. 1753. Stems stout and strict, 

 6-15 dm. high, very leafy to the top, coarsely hirsute or hispid with many- 

 jointed hairs, also with glandular pubescence: leaves lanceolate or broadly 

 linear, pubescent, 5-12 cm. long, entire, slightly if at all narrowed below, 

 half-clasping by a strongly auriculate~cordate base : heads crowded : rays 50-60 

 or more, 10-12 mm. long, purple: involucre of middle-sized heads well imbri- 

 cated; the unequal bracts with loose squarrose-spreading tips. Colorado to 

 the Saskatchewan and eastward. 



13. Aster oblongifolius Nutt. 1. c. 156. Stems 2-5 dm. high, hirsute- 

 pubescent, very leafy, corymbosely branched: leaves narrowly oblong to 

 broadly linear; the larger cauline 5 cm. long, somewhat puberulent: involucre 

 aromatic-scented; the linear bracts granulose-glandular and viscidulous: 

 rays 25-30, bright violet, 10-12 mm. long. Hardly within our range, but 

 represented in Colorado by 



13a. Aster oblongifolius rigidulus Gray, Syn. Fl. 1: 179. 1884. Low, 

 more fastigiate, with more rigid and hispidulous scabrous leaves. (Aster 

 Kumleinii Fries.) Colorado to Kansas and Texas. 



14. Aster Fendleri Gray, PI. Fendl. 66. 1849. Rigid, 1-3 dm. high, sparsely 

 hispidulous: the linear, 1 -nerved, firm leaves hispid-ciliate, otherwise usually 

 smooth and glabrous: involucre somewhat campanulate, 5-7 mm. high; outer 

 bracts shorter, linear-oblong, obtuse, pruinose-glandular: rays violet, 8 mm. 

 long. Plains and sandhills; from western Kansas to southern Colorado and 

 northern New Mexico. 



15. Aster campestris Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 7: 293. 1841. From 

 creeping underground rootstocks; stems erect, rather slender, nearly simple, 

 minutely granular-glandular, becoming glandular or viscid-pubescent above, 

 brownish and more or less tinged with purple, especially above, 2-4 dm. high: 

 leaves broadly linear, acute at apex, 3-5 dm. long, about 5 mm. broad, in- 

 distinctly 3-nerved, ciliate on the margins, both faces sprinkled with minute 

 nearly sessile glands: heads solitary-terminal, or several and racemose- 

 paniculate; involucre low-hemispherical, about 15 mm. broad, half as high; 

 bracts in about 3 only moderately unequal rows, linear-lanceolate, somewhat 

 acuminate, with glandulosity like that of the stem: rays 20-30, a beautiful 

 dark azure blue, linear-oblong, about 15 mm. long and 2 mm. wide: pappus a 

 sordid white; the short achenes pubescent. (A. Andrewsii A. Nels. Proc. Biol. 



