COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 563 



Ligules 3-toothed or 3-cleft; disk-corollas with 5 ovate-triangular to subu- 

 late teeth, which are beset with jointed hairs. Achenes turbinate, 5-costate, 

 covered with long villous hairs. Pappus conspicuous, longer than the achenes, 

 of 5-10 hyaline-scarious scales with a costa mostly excurrent into an awn. 



Lobes of the disk-corollas acute, tipped with a seta beset with beaded ' 



hairs . . . . . . . . . . . 1. G. aristata. 



Lobes of the disk-corollas short and obtuse . . . . . 2. G. pinnatifida. 



1. Gaillardia aristata Pursh Fl. 2: 573. 1814. More or less hirsute, often 

 5-8 dm. high: leaves lanceolate or broader, or lower spatulate, entire to 

 laciniate-dentate or sinuate-pinnatifid : rays in the largest heads 3-4 cm. 

 long: lobes of disk-corollas subulate-acute and tipped with a cusp: pappus 

 aristate. From New Mexico and southern Colorado to Oregon, British 

 Columbia, and the Saskatchewan. 



2. Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 214. 1828. Cinereous- 

 pubescent; peduncles scapiform or from short leafy stems, 1-3 dm. long: some 

 or even all the leaves pinnatifid, sometimes linear or with linear lobes, some- 

 times spatulate and sinuate or even entire : teeth of the disk-corollas short and 

 broad, obtuse, pointless: pappus-scales lanceolate. On the plains; Colorado 

 and Arizona to western Texas. 



78. DYSODIA Cav. 



Herbs, mostly strong-scented, with alternate or opposite leaves and soli- 

 tary or somewhat paniculate heads of yellow flowers. Involucre hemispher- 

 ical or campanulate, the bracts more or less united below, often with some 

 loose accessory bracts. Pappus of 6-10 scales, which are erose-truncate or 

 more usually resolved into numerous rather stiff bristles. Achenes mostly 

 terete, striate, and pubescent. (Includes Hymenatherum.) 



Leaves mostly opposite; ill-scented . . . . . . 1. D. papposa. 



Leaves mostly alternate; not ill-scented 2. D. aurea. 



1. P-rsodia papposa (Vent.) Hitch. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 5: 503. 1891. 

 Much-branched and ill-scented annual, leafy up to the subsessile or short- 

 pedunculate small heads: leaves 1-2-pinnately parted into linear lobes: in- 

 volucre purplish-tinged or greenish, of 8 or 10 scarious-tipped oblong bracts, 

 and some linear, loose, accessory ones: rays few and inconspicuous, not sur- 

 passing the disk. D. chrysanthemoides. From Arizona and Colorado to 

 Minnesota and Louisiana, and now spreading eastward to the Atlantic States. 



2. Dysodia aurea (Gray) A. Nels. Erect or diffuse, 1-2 dm. high, much- 

 branched, bearing numerous short-peduncled heads: leaves mostly alternate, 

 pinnately parted into 7-9 linear-filiform pointless divisions: involucre 5-6 mm. 

 high: rays about 12, oblong, 6 mm. long: pappus of 6 or 8 quadrate or oblong 

 and erose-truncate scales, in length little exceeding the breadth of the achene. 

 Hymenatherum aureum. (Lowellia aureum Gray, PI. Fendl. 91. 1848.) 

 Colorado to Texas. 



79. PECTIS L. 



Mostly low and spreading herbs, usually glabrous and scented, with narrow, 

 opposite leaves conspicuously dotted with round oil-glands, small heads of 

 yellow flowers, and slender, rigid bristles fringing at least the base of the 

 leaves. Heads radiate, several-many-flowered. Involucre naked at base, or 

 nearly so, cylindrical or campanulate, of few or several equal carinate bracts 

 in a single series. Disk-corollas 5-lobed, 1 or 2 sinuses often deeper, thus be- 

 coming bilabiate. Achenes linear, terete or angled. Pappus of few or nu- 

 merous bristles or awns, sometimes chaffy-dilated at base, or of scales. 



1. Pectis angustifolia Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 214. 1828. Smooth, 

 1-3 dm. high: leaves narrow-linear: heads subsessile or short-peduncled, fas- 

 tigiate or cymose at the end of the branches; bracts of the involucre about 8, 



