GLOSSARY 



619 



Recurved. Curved outwards or backwards. 



Reflexed. Bent outwards or backwards. 



Refracted. Bent suddenly, so as to appear 

 broken at the bend. 



Regular (flower). All the parts of each set 

 similar. 



Reniform. Kidney-shaped. 



Repand. Wavy-margined. 



Retuse. Blunted; the apex not only obtuse 

 but somewhat indented. 



Revolute. Rolled backwards, as the mar- 

 gins of many leaves. 



Rhachis. Same as rachis. 



Rhizome. A rootstock. 



Ringent. Grinning; gaping open. 



Rostrate. Bearing a beak or a prolonged 

 appendage. 



Rosulate (leaves). In a rosette. 



Rotate. Wheel-shaped. 



Rotund. Rounded or roundish in outline. 



Rudimentary. Imperfectly developed, or 

 in an early stage of development. 



Rugose. Wrinkled, roughened with wrinkles. 



Runcinate. Coarsely saw-toothed or cut, 

 the pointed teeth turned towards the 

 base of the leaf, as in dandelion. 



Runner. A slender and prostrate branch 

 rooting at the end or at the joints. 



Sac. Any closed membrane, or a deep 

 purse-shaped cavity. 



Sagittate. Arrow-shaped. 



Salver-shaped, Salverform. With a border 

 spreading at right angles to a sle^ler tube. 



Samara. A wing-fruit or key, as of maple. 



Saw-toothed. See serrate. 



Scabrous. Rough or harsh to the touch. 



Scale. A reduced leaf-like body which is not 

 green. 



Scape. A peduncle rising from the ground, 

 naked or without ordinary foliage. 



Scorpioid, Scorpioidal. Curved or circinate 

 at the end. 



Scurf, Scurfiness. Minute scales on the sur- 

 face of many leaves. 



Scutellate, Scutelliform. Saucer-shaped or 

 platter-shaped. 



Secund. One-sided, as where flowers, leaves, 

 etc., are all turned to one side. 



Semi-, in compounds, means half. 



Sepal. A constituent member of the calyx. 



Septate. Divided by partitions. 



Septum (plural septa). A partition, as of 

 a pod, etc. 



Sericeous. Silky; clothed with satiny pubes- 

 cence. 



Serrate, Serrated. With margin cut into 

 teeth (serratures) pointing forwards. 



Serrulate. Diminutive of serrate, that is, 

 with finer teeth. 



Sessile. Without any stalk, as a leaf desti- 

 tute of petiole, an anther destitute of 

 filament, etc. 



Seta. A bristle, or a slender body resem- 

 bling a bristle. 



Sheath. A tubular envelope, as the lower 

 part of the leaf in grasses. 



Shield-shaped. Same as peltate. 



Shrub. A woody perennial, smaller than a 

 tree, usually with several stems. 



Silique. The pod of the Cruciferae. 



Silky. Glossy with a coat of fine and soft, 

 close-pressed, straight hairs. 



Silvery. Shining white or bluish-gray, usu- 

 ally from a silky pubescence. 



Simple. Of one piece; opposed to compound. 



Sinuate. Strongly wavy. 



Sinus. The cleft or recess between two 

 lobes. 



Smooth. Without roughness or pubescence. 



Soboliferous. Bearing shoots, especially 

 from the ground. 



Spadix. A fleshy spike. 



Spathe. A bract which sheaths an inflo- 

 rescence (especially a spadix). 



Spatulate, Spathulate. Shaped like a 

 spatula. 



Spicate. Belonging to or disposed in a 

 spike. 



Spiciform. Resembling a spike in form. 



Spike (inflorescence). Like a raceme, but 

 with flowers sessile. 



Spikelet. A small or a secondary spike. 



Spindle-shaped. Tapering to each end, like 

 a radish. 



Spine. A sharp woody or rigid outgrowth 

 from the stem. 



Spinescent. Tipped by or degenerating into 

 spines or thorns. 



Spinose, Spiniferous. Thorny. 



Sporangium, sporocarp. A spore-case, es- 

 pecially of ferns, mosses, etc. 



Spore. A special reproductive cell, which 

 is most obvious among cryptogams; 

 among seed-plants pollen grains are 

 spores (microspores), but the obvious 

 reproductive structure is the seed. 



Spur. Any projecting appendage of the 

 flower. 



Squarrose. Where scales, leaves, or any 

 appendages spread widely from the axis 

 on which they are thickly set. 



Stamen. The pollen-bearing organ. 



Staminodium. An abortive stamen or other 

 body in the position of a stamen. 



Standard. The upper petal of a papili- 

 onaceous corolla. 



Stellate. Star-like; several similar parts ra- 

 diating from a common center. 



Sterile. Barren or imperfect. 



Stigma. The region of the pistil which re- 

 ceives the pollen. 



Stipe. The stalk-like support of a pistil; 

 the leaf-stalk of a fern. 



Stipitate. Furnished with a stipe. 



Stipulate. Furnished with stipules. 



