LIST OF MAPS ACCOMPANYING REPORT. 157 



36. Report of the meteorology of the route, by Lieut. C. Grover, U. S. A., from Fort Beriton to 



Wallah-Wallah. 



37. Report of Mr. Tinkham of the snows of the Rocky mountains in November, of the Bitter 



Root in December, and of the Cascades in January, 1S53. 



38. Letter of the Hon. H. M. Rice, and extracts from letters from Hon. H. H. Sibley and A. Cul- 



bertson, Esq., as to the winter climate of the region extending from the Mississippi river to 

 the base of the mountains. 

 For much additional information in regard to snows, see the several reports of Lieut. Mullan. 



J. INDIAN AFFAIRS. 



39. Report of Mr. George Gibbs to Capt. McClellan on the Indian tribes of the Territory of 



Washington. 



40. Report of Lieutenant John Mullan, U. S. A., on the Indian tribes in the eastern portion of 



Washington Territory. 



41. Reports of Mr. James Doty on the Indian tribes of the Blackfoot nation. 



42. Report of Mr. J. M. Stanley s visit to the Piegan camp at the Cypress mountain. 

 The following maps accompany this report : 



1. General map: scale, -g O-O&quot;O&amp;lt;TO 5 showing the connexion between the route explored and exist 

 ing roads, and the routes still requiting examination to determine the best route, and its con 

 nexions with the routes to the south, with a comparison of the profiles of the route by the 

 northern passes, and of the South Pass, by Mr. John Lambert, topographer. 



2. General sketch of the routes explored: scale, y TO ~O~F iro 5 three sheets, by Mr. John Lambert, 

 topographer of the expedition. 



3. Map of the Cascades : scale, Tirocroir ? by Lieutenant J. K. Duncan, U. S. A., under the orders 

 of Captain George B. McClellan, corps of Engineers. 



4. Map showing the several barometric profiles, with comparisons of such as come into com 

 petition. 



5. Sketch of the tunnels required on the several lines. 



The result, therefore, of the year s exploration, has been to establish the practicability of the 

 northern route ; but it is not believed that the best route has been ascertained ; and it is known 

 that only the materials have been collected of a very general estimate of the cost of the road. 

 An approximate estimate can be made by throwing the whole distance into parts, having a com 

 mon character, referring them to similar roads in the States of which the cost is known ; and 

 thereby, by making a proper allowance for the changes of circumstances, as the increased price 

 of labor, and the expense incident to operating on a long line, and in a new country, arrive at the 

 cost of the road. 



It is important, however, that the field should be extended to embrace all probable routes, that 

 the best route should then be selected, and that detailed instrumental surveys be made, to ascer 

 tain the cost and determine the best plan of construction. 



The greatest western development of roads is now in Missouri and Iowa, two roads being 

 under construction in the former, and one in the latter State, extending to their western bounda 

 ries; and an additional road being projected, and soon to be placed under construction in Iowa, 

 from Rock Island to Council Bluff s, and connecting with the road on which the cars now run 

 from Chicago to Rock Island. 



Roads are also extending from Chicago and Milwaukie to points on the Mississippi, from Rock 

 Island to St. Paul, and to the Fond du Lac of Lake Superior and Green Bay. 



An examination of the maps will show that, if the Black Hills are practicable for roads, the 

 Hell Gate passes are in most admirable connexion both with the roads of Missouri and Iowa, 

 say at Council Bluffs, and with the roads from the Great Lakes, moving through Minnesota and 

 centering in the grand plateau of the Bois des Sioux. 



