386 ITINERARY OF THE ROUTE FROM FORT VANCOUVER TO FORT DALLES. 



October 15. Trail and country like those of yesterday not quite so good ; 

 crossed the river twice ; camp on a high hank ; grass pretty good ................. 



October 16. The valley being very narrow and thickly wooded to day, the trail 

 is worse. It passes over several high and stony spurs ; follows the bed of the 

 stream in places; crosses the river four times; camp in a low bottom surrounded 

 by mountains; grass poor ; trail b;id ......... ................................ 



Ocuibtr 17. Camp opposite Colville. Trail passes over one high, steep ridge, 

 then over a high, rolling, and limbered country, to the Columbia ; cross the Nehoi- 

 alpitkwu once ; trail better than yesterday ; scarcely any grass to be found ......... 



October IS. Crossed the Columbia with all our animals and baggage in perfect 

 safety ; camped on a level plateau half a mile above the crossing ; good grass and 

 wood ................................................................... 1 



October 22. To camp Schlovvskan. Left Columbia valley behind Fort Colville; 

 ascended the valley of Mill creek; followed that valley ; crossed the main creek 

 twice, by deep fords; crossed and camped upon a large branch; camp in the open 

 woods, with fair grass ; trail excellent ........................................ 14 J 



October 23. To camp Kitsemawhep. Keep to the valley ; the trail crosses 

 some low spurs, and is in places rather boggy; on the whole, it is good. Crossed 

 one very bad branch about a mile before reaching camp; repaired an old bridge 

 for the pack-animals; camped on the main stream, which is narrow and swimming; 

 crossed the packs in a canoe ; &quot; swam&quot; the animals ............................. 13 



October 24. To camp Loichin. Heavy snow-storm during the last night and 

 this day; kept the open, boggy valley for one and a half mile, then entered the open 

 pine woods, and passed over roll : ng country; camped on the edge of a small open 

 valley; animals suffered for want of grass, it being covered with snow; no water; 

 used melted snow ...................................... , .................. 8 J 



October 25. To Chunakane Mission. Passed through a rolling country, covered 

 with open pines, for nine miles; then entered the open and level valley of the Chun 

 akane, and followed it down to the Old Mission ; trail excellent. Animals here 

 picked a little grass. Crossed several small streams to-day ...................... 14f 



October 26. To camp Helse-de-lite. Passed through rolling country, covered 

 with open pine woods ; crossed the Spokane river by a good but winding ford. ... 5 



Ascended from the valley by a ravine, and came out upon the Spokane plain ; 

 first two miles through open pine the rest over an open, rolling country ; passed 

 one small lake, on left of trail; camp in a deep and narrow valley, with good 

 grass on the plateau ........... ........................................ 6 



October 30. To Sul-ilt-kwu. Ascended from the valley of our camp to the 

 plateau. Pass over a high rolling country, with occasional ravines and narrow 

 strips of pine timber. Cross a very deep and boggy stream ................... 



Travel over perfectly open and slightly rolling country; pass over a rocky ridge 

 near camp; camp on a small running stream, with good grass and poor wood. ___ 



November 1. To camp Sm-sic-hon-iltn. Passing over an undulating country, 

 covered with good grass, and broken by long, swelling ridges. In places the 

 ground is covered with lava; and many small, circular ponds occur. Pass by a 

 long lake 2 



Country as before, without the ponds; camp on a small stream; good grass in 

 the vicinity ; good fire-wood ; trail very excellent 6f 



