BACTERIAL CELLULAR SUBSTANCE 77 



granular or crystalline after long kneading and stirring, as 

 Fischer and Weigert suggest. When picric acid would no 

 longer give a precipitate even on standing, the crystals 

 were filtered out by suction, washed with alcohol, and 

 dried on a porous plate. On concentration the alcoholic 

 mother liquid became gummy and viscous, but no more 

 crystals were obtained. The crude picrate was recrystallized 

 from hot water several times. On dissolving there was 

 much sediment which mainly filtered out, but on concen- 

 tration more appeared upon the sides of the vessel. The 

 loss of substance by the first crystallization was very large; 

 as it became pure, however, it crystallized like an inorganic 

 salt. All mother liquors were treated with hydrochloric 

 acid to remove picric acid, reprecipitated with phospho- 

 tungstic, the precipitate worked up as before, and a further 

 crop of crystals obtained. The crystals are slender, yellow, 

 silky, felted needles or prisms. On heating in a melting- 

 point tube the substance begins to change color at 216, 

 and is very dark at 230. Heated side by side with lysin 

 picrate from fibrin and from gelatin, they agree within a 

 degree. The authorities all agree that lysin picrate turns 

 black at 230 to 232, while Kutscher and Lohmann also 

 say that it begins to change color at 215. 



"To change the picrate into the chloride, 2 grams were 

 dissolved in 33 c.c. of hot water, 5 c.c. of concentrated 

 hydrochloric acid added, cooled, the picric acid filtered out 

 and washed with water containing hydrochloric acid. The 

 filtrates were shaken out with ether as long as there was 

 any yellow color. The solution should be colorless or 

 nearly so; if it is not, it can be decolorized by treatment 

 with animal charcoal. The solution was evaporated nearly 

 to dryness, first on the water-bath, and finally in a desic- 

 cator. When down to a thick syrup, stirring gave crystals. 

 These were recrystallized out of hot water containing 

 hydrochloric acid, giving long prisms, which melt at 192, 

 again agreeing with the corresponding salt from gelatin 

 and fibrin. Henze says that lysin chloride becomes soft 

 at 193 and melts at 195; Lawrow says that it has no sharp 



