176 PROTEIN POISONS 



administration of lethal and slightly supralethal doses of 

 the poison. (8) Morphine sulphate has been shown by 

 White and Avery to antagonize the action of the poison." 

 Of the animals tested (19) only 3 showed typical symptoms, 

 and with two of these death was slightly delayed. The 

 three autopsies revealed typical inflation of the lungs, with 

 epicardial hemorrhages in two. Nine of the pigs had only 

 slight symptoms, and although the issue was fatal, death 

 was delayed from forty-two minutes to over six hours. On 

 section, however, six of the animals showed inflated lungs 

 with epicardial hemorrhages. Two animals recovered. It 

 will be noted that in five cases a dose of 1 to 12,000 failed 

 to produce typical immediate symptoms. Further investi- 

 gations of the effects of morphine might lead to a better 

 knowledge of the factors concerned in the sequelse of 

 parenteral administration. (9) Banzhaf and Steinhardt 1 

 studied the effects of chloral hydrate upon the action of 

 our poison prepared from egg-white, and came to the 

 following conclusions: "Normal guinea-pigs under the 

 influence of chloral (by intracardiac and intramuscular 

 injections) were completely protected against one and 

 one-fourth fatal doses of the poison (given intracardiacly). 

 If two or more fatal doses were given death resulted. Chloral 

 mixed with the poison and then given caused irregular results 

 which were interpreted as meaning that there is no chemical 

 union of the chloral and poison in vitro. We assume that 

 the chloral protected by union with certain vital cells." 

 White and Avery used a 2.5 per cent, solution of chloral 

 in normal salt. The injections were made intravenously. 

 "With the exception of 2 animals displaying typical symp- 

 toms, both of which received amounts of the poison con- 

 siderably in excess of that required to kill, 6 of the 13 

 survived the injection with slight or no symptoms, while 

 5 succumbed in from two to thirteen hours without exhibiting 

 the classic respiratory spasms. Autopsy showed the typical 

 findings in 2, while in 2 others there was a partial inflation 



1 Jour. Med. Research, 1910, xxiii, 1. 



