270 PROTEIN POISONS 



has demonstrated that in guinea-pigs sensitized with 

 erythrocytes, there is no recognizable hemolysis on reinjec- 

 tion, although anaphylactic shock occurs. It is generally 

 believed, as first taught by Bordet, that in hemolysis the 

 stroma only is involved. When unbroken corpuscles are 

 used the anaphylactic poison may come from either the 

 hemoglobin or the stroma, or from both. We have anaphyl- 

 actized animals with hemoglobin and with stroma. The 

 former is more easily done on account, we presume, of its 

 more ready solubility. We have found the stroma difficult to 

 dissolve without using so much alkali that the preparation 

 is not suitable for animal injection, and suspensions, as a 

 rule, do not so readily sensitize as solutions. Friedberger 

 and Vallardi 1 have found that only by having stroma, 

 amboceptor, and complement in proper portions can they 

 prepare the anaphylactic poison, an excess of any one giving 

 negative results. Moreover, while the poison is quickly 

 generated under proper conditions from the unbroken 

 corpuscles a much longer time is required when the stroma 

 only is used. It has been shown by Neufeld and Bold 2 

 that the anaphylactic poison can be extracted from bacteria 

 without cytolysis. Furthermore, they have found that the 

 anaphylactic poison is more easily extracted from those 

 bacteria which are least susceptible to lytic influences. 

 For instance, the pneumococcus which is highly resistent 

 to lytic influences easily yields its anaphylactic poison, 

 even at 0, while no poison is obtained at 37, and the 

 cholera bacillus, which is highly labile, yields the poison 

 with more difficulty. Friedberger and Schiitze 3 found that 

 the tubercle bacillus, which is highly resistent to lysis, 

 readily supplies the anaphylactic poison. We have shown 

 that the tubercle bacillus from which the protein poison 

 has been extracted, leaves a residue which is not only not 

 poisonous, but sensitizes fresh animals, and this has been 

 confirmed by the later researches of White and Avery. 4 



1 Zeitsch. f. Immunitatsforschung, vii, 94. 



2 Ueber Bakterienempfindlichkeit u. ihre Bedeutung f. Infektion. 



3 Berl. klin. Woch., 1911, No. 9. 



4 Jour. Med. Research, 1912, xxvi, 317. 



