LIFE. 35 



motion at all ; it is only one of the results 

 of the motion that is going on amongst 

 the ultimate molecules of protoplasm, 

 just as fire and warmth are results of the 

 chemical changes going on in coal that 

 is burning, and light is a result of the 

 chemical changes going on in a lighted 

 match or candle. Nor is it a separate 

 entity, any more than is the light of the 

 candle or the warmth of the fire : it begins 

 with the beginning of the specific chemical 

 changes, and ceases with their ceasing. 



Animal life, as it now exists on the earth, 

 is started in the individual by the union 

 of the molecules and motions in the ovum 

 of the female with those in the sperm cell 

 of the male ; and in the higher animals 

 in no other way. After the matter and 

 motions of the two bodies are brought 

 together they coalesce, and so re-arrange 

 themselves that the resulting combination 

 is able to maintain an independent existence, 

 which neither body could previously do. 



Life is maintained by the appropriation 

 of pabulum, in response to the calls and 

 needs of the organism in which it exists, 

 which calls and needs result from wear 

 and tear by the activity or work performed 

 by the organism. The strength and vigour 



3* 



