Vlll OUTLINE 



CHAPTER VII 



PAGES 



AMERICAN GRAPE TRAINING GENERAL SKETCH . . 390-430 



Pruning the grape 402 



Pruning young vines 411 



When to prune 413 



Summer pruning 414 



Making the trellis 416 



Tying 426 



CHAPTER VIII 



AMERICAN GRAPE TRAINING THE VARIOUS MODES . 431-493 



The upright systems 436 



Horizontal arm spur system 437 



The high renewal 441 



Fan training 455 



The drooping systems 458 



The true or four- cane Kniffin 460 



Modifications of the four-cane Kniffin . . . 466 



The two-cane Kniffin, or umbrella system . 469 



The low, or one -wire Kniffin 472 



The six-cane Kniffin 473 



Eight-cane Kniffin 474 



Caywood, overhead, or arbor Kniffin .... 474 



The cross-wire system 477 



Renewal Kniffin 478 



The Munson system 480 



Modified Munson 485 



Miscellaneous systems 486 



Horizontal training 486 



Post training 488 



Arbors 490 



Remodeling old vines 41) 1 



