OUTLINE vii 



PAKT II 

 THE INCIDENTALS 



CHAPTER V 



PAGES 



SOME SPECIFIC ADVICE 193-340 



The form of the top 193 



How to trim young plants 205 



Root-pruning 227 



Root -pruning when transplanting 232 



Subsequent treatment of the plants 250 



Management of top -worked trees 263 



Management of dwarf trees 269 



Ringing and girdling 281 



Pruning tools 297 



Remarks on specific plants 309 



Apple 309 



Apricot 310 



Cherry 313 



Orange 314 



Peach 315 



Pear 319 



Plum 320 



Quince 322 



Blackberries and raspberries 323 



Currants and gooseberries 327 



Shade trees 333 



Hedges 333 



Ornamental plants 335 



CHAPTER VI 



SOME SPECIFIC MODES OF TRAINING 341-389 



European practice 342 



Trees and bushes in pots 374 



Other special modes of training 384 



