308 SOME SPECIFIC ADVICE 



each ear and bent around close to the face, just 

 clearing the eyes, and over the nose like a spec- 

 tacle frame ; on this is run a thick piece of cotton, 

 covering the nose and face to the beard, and 

 short enough not to catch the breath. A rather 

 loose tape from the corners under the chin keeps 

 the wind from getting under, and turning it up 

 over the eyes." 



Balmer describes* the following device in which 

 to burn the prunings : "A matter in connection 

 with pruning, and one which should always have 

 the closest attention, is that of gathering up the 

 prunings. These are oftentimes the harbor of 

 aphis eggs, and the eggs of other injurious in- 

 sects, and if left lying on the ground too long 

 these eggs may hatch and do a great amount of 

 damage. Our practice is to rake up the prunings 

 into bunches and load them into a wagon, to be 

 hauled away and burned. In parts of California 

 where they have very large orchards, a kind of 

 portable furnace is used ; this is a large sheet- 

 iron receptacle mounted on four wheels, with an 

 iron frame. In the center of the iron trough is a 

 grate. On this a fire is lighted, and the prunings, 

 having been previously raked with a horse -rake 

 into rows, are loaded on to this fire. A horse is 

 hitched to this portable furnace, and the whole 

 orchard gone over, the fire being kept up all the 



*Bull. 25, Wash. Exp. Sta. 



