FLOWERING TREES AND SHRUBS 335 



and securing them there by wiring them down, 

 one plant bending over the following one. Plants 

 which are to be plashed are generally set at an 

 angle when transplanted to their permanent posi- 

 tions. Deciduous -leaved and thorny plants, as 

 osage orange, are generally used for the making 

 of pig -tight hedges. 



Ornamental Plants 



Three objects are involved in the pruning of 

 ornamental trees and shrubs, to produce some 

 desired form, to cause the plants to develop strong 

 and uniform foliage, to produce flower -buds. The 

 desired form is secured by shearing, the luxurious 

 and continuous foliage by cutting back rampant 

 growths and thereby encouraging a uniform de- 

 velopment of the different parts of the plant, and 

 the flower -buds by giving attention to the flower- 

 bearing habit of the particular plant in question. 



The pruner should know whether the flowers 

 are borne on the ends of terminal or lateral 

 shoots of the season, or on the ends or sides 

 of last year's shoots. 



Most early -flower ing shrubs bear terminal flow- 

 ers. Every effort should be made, therefore, to 

 secure many shoots. The flower -buds in the 

 early -flowering shrubs are formed the year be- 

 fore. Heading -in in winter, then, destroys the 

 bloom. Heading -in just as soon as the flowers 

 fall encourages the growth of new shoots, which 



