HIGH RENEWAL TRAINING 441 



of any of the styles of training, although it has 

 never been fully described, we shall now consider. 

 THE HIGH RENEWAL. This is an upright train- 

 ing which is now very extensively employed in the 

 lake regions of New York and elsewhere. It 

 starts the head or branches of the vine from 

 eighteen to thirty inches from the ground. The 

 ideal height for most varieties is probably about 



r (<W 



279. The second season of upright training. 



two feet to the first wire, although thirty inches 

 is better than eighteen. If the vines are lower 

 than two feet, they are liable to be injured by the 

 plow or cultivator, the earth is dashed against the 

 clusters by heavy rains, and if the shoots become 

 loose they strike the ground and the grapes are 

 soon soiled. A single trunk or arm is carried up 

 to the required height, or if good branches hap- 

 pen to form lower down, two main canes are car- 

 ried from this point up to the required distance to 

 meet the lower wire, so that the trunk becomes Y- 

 shaped, as seen in Figs. 279, 281, 285. In fact, 



OF THF 



