INSECT ENEMIES. 105 



with brown on the outer edge. The chrysalis is of the 

 shining brown color common to the species. The larva 

 is light yellow, variegated with three broad, black, longi- 

 tudinal stripes, one on each side, the other on the top of 

 the back. The head, belly, and feet are tawny. The 

 lateral black stripe consists of numerous transverse black 

 marks on a pure white ground. On account of its 

 stripes, Dr. Melsheimer called it the zebra caterpillar. 

 It does not conceal itself in the ground until it is ready 

 to pupate. 



Remedies. The common red ants capture and kill 

 them. Insectivorous birds devour them. As prevention 



Fig. 79. CALOSOMA SCEUTATOE. Fig. 80. CALOSOMA CALIDUM. 



is better than cure, we may attract the moths by little 

 bonfires, and destroy them. We may attract them by 

 cider, and water sweetened and flavored with vinegar. 

 We may keep the larva from climbing the trees by 

 fastening around them strips of tin or zinc like inverted 

 funnels. Cut-worms, like other caterpillars, have de- 

 stroyers in the Tachina flies, and the Ichneumons are 

 their parasitic enemies. I discovered one of these climb- 

 ing worms a few years ago in the very process of destruc- 

 tion by parasites. The worms crawled through the skin, 

 leaving no visible mark, and then spun their cocoons on 



