GENERAL BIOLOGY 



Fig. 105. Actinomyces Bovis. 



(After Rivas.) 



Parasite producing actinomycosis (lumpy 

 jaw). Actinomyces bovis, also called 

 nocardia actinomyces, nocardia bovis, strep- 

 tothrix actinomyces, streptothrix israeli, 

 ocspora bovis, cladothrix act inomy coses, 

 and bacterium actinocladothrix. 



Nocardiosis. "On the one hand 

 the parasites (Fig. 105) resemble bac- 

 teria, on the other hand the hyphomy- 

 cetes or molds, in forming branching, 

 thread-like filaments, and the produc- 

 tion of fine conidia. They represent a 

 transition between the bacteria and the 

 lower fungi." Only a dozen cases have 

 been reported. Very like tuberculosis 

 or multiple abscesses, three cases have 

 appeared as abscesses of the brain. 



Mycetoma or Madura disease. 

 Largely in India, though it does occur 

 in other parts of the world. Ther.e is 

 great swelling of the foot, generally 

 on the sole, nodular growths and mul- 

 tiple abscesses. Black, brownish, or 

 yellow granules are formed, one micron 

 in diameter. 



A v a r i e t y of 

 Streptothrix ( F i g. 

 106) has been found 

 in the pale colored 

 granules, closely re- 

 sembling Actinomy- 

 ces. "It is held by 

 most observers that 

 this S t r ep t ot hrix 

 madurae and Acti- 

 nomyces are distinct 

 species." "From the 

 black variety of 

 granules a hypomy- 

 cete has been grown, 

 an organism closely 

 allied to Aspergil- 

 lus." 



In medicine, all diseases caused by any non-bacterial fungi are some- 

 times called Mycosis. 



It is worthy of note that medical men, being most interested in dis- 

 ease, take similar appearing lesions as their basis for classifying organ- 

 isms, while biologists classify organisms according to structure and de- 

 velopment, often with little reference to what disease such organisms 

 may cause. 



Fig. 106. Madurella Mycetoma. (After Brumpt.) 



