THE GRASSHOPPER 



335 



( ). The cheeks are called genae ( ), 

 while narrow postgenae are back of these. 



The maxillae are the accessory jaws, being composed of three re- 

 gions, the lacinia or maxillae proper, the gulea ( ), 



Three ocelli or simple eyes 



Mandible* 



Maxillary palpi 



Maxilla 



Labial palp 



Compound eyes 

 Antennae 

 Clypeus (c). 



I.bruin 



Palpifer or palpus bear 



Paraglosstc or lateral lobei 

 of the tongue 



mgulc. or tongue attached it 

 the base of the labium 



Fig. 217. 

 A. and B. Skull of grasshopper ; C. Melanoplus differentialis. a, Antennae, 



clypeus ; e, compound eye ; /, front ; g, gena ; I, labrum ; Ip, labial palpus ; m, 

 indible ; mp, maxillary palpus ; o, ocelli ; oc, occiput ; pg, post-gena ; v, vertex 



c, 



mandil 



(After Folsom). 



C. Head and Mouth-parts of an insect. (After Tenney). 



the middle spoon-shaped part and the maxillary palpus, a special sense 

 organ. This palpus is in turn composed of various segments, the broad 

 basal piece being called the stipes ( ) which joins 



in turn with a smaller cardo ( ). 



The lower lip or labium is composed of two broad terminal flaps 

 called the ligula ( ). The mentum ( ) 



is the basal portion, while the small immovable submentum lies between 

 the mentum and the gula. 



The right wing of a male mosquito, Anopheles maculipennis. A, anal area ; 

 1st A, anal nervure ; C, costa ; Cu, cubitus ; H, humeral cross-nervure ; 7, cross- 

 nervure between R 2 and K 4 + 5 ; J, cross-nervure between radial and medial sys- 

 tems ; K, cross-nervure between medial and cubital systems ; M, media ; O, cross- 

 nervure between R l and R.,; R, radius; Sc, sub-costa. (From Sedgwick's Zoology, 

 after Nuttall and Shipley) ". 



The thorax is divided into a prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax, 

 easily distinguished by the three pairs of legs, one pair of which is at- 

 tached to each of the three thoracic divisions. The prothorax constitutes 

 a collar which is drawn out into a shield above. The wings, as already 

 stated, are attached to the dorsal side of the mesothorax and metathorax. 



The wings are divided by veins or nervures (Fig. 218) into so-called 



