MONOMORIUM. 97 



Dalla Torre 33 cites Myrmica molesta Say [Boston Journ. N. H. 1 

 293 (1836)] as a synonym of Monomorium pharaonis L., but Emery 

 and Wheeler both tell me that the former is a Solenopsis and not a 

 Monomorium, and I have seen specimens taken in America by 

 Crawley which had been named Solenopsis molesta Say, by Forel ; 

 these certainly are not M . pharaonis L. 



^ Reddish yellow, eyes black, gaster blackish posteriorly, with only a few 

 scattered hairs on the pedicel and gaster, pubescence almost wanting. Head, 

 thorax and pedicel closely punctured and dull ; gaster shining. Long. 2-2-4 mm. 



Fig. 60. Monomorium pharaonis . 



$ A little darker in colour, with eyes considerably larger than in the $. Head 

 slightly blackish. Thorax : mesonotum with a narrow blackish longitudinal 

 patch not quite reaching the middle. Wings slightly fuscous. Gaster more 

 distinctly blackish posteriorly than in the ^. Long. 4-4-8 mm. 



$ Black, mandibles, antennae and legs yellow, the femora, scape and apex 

 of the funiculus fuscous. 



Eyes very large. Head, thorax and pedicel closely punctured and dull ; 

 gaster shining. Wings transparent. Long. 3 mm. 



Larva : Short and compact, broadest posteriorly, white. Head trans- 

 parent, shining, the rest of the body rugose longitudinally, clothed with short, 

 slightly curved, scattered hairs. The whole larva looks superficially like a 

 bit of broken camphor. 



Pupa : White, striate transversely ; becoming yellow when mature. 



Original description of Formica pharaonis Linnaeus [Syst. Nat. 

 Ed. 10. 1 580, sp. 7 (1758)] :- 



" F. rufa, abdomine magis fusco. M. L. U. 

 Habitat m T Aegypto ; minima." 



Habitat. 



Monomorium pharaonis has been spread by commerce nearly all 

 over the world, inhabiting houses, bakers' shops, etc., and also 

 living on board ships. 



British distribution : 



Cornwall, W. : Falmouth 45 . 



Devon, S. : Exeter (Parfitt) 28 ; Plymouth (Parfitt) 28 . 



Dorset : Dorchester (Haines). 



Isle Of Wight : Ventnor (F. Smith Coll.). 



Hants, S. : Winchester (Wakefield) 12 ; Bournemouth (Barnes). 



Sussex, E. : Brighton (Spence)* ; Hastings (Shuckard) 22 ; St. 

 Leonards (Farr en- White) 35 . 



Kent, E. : Folkestone (Farren-White) 35 ; Hythe (Donisthorpe)* 9 . 



Surrey : Southwark (Bostock) 6 ; Crystal Palace (Rothney Coll.] ; 

 Ewell (Harrison, Saunders Coll.). 



