LEPTOTHORAX. 163 



Head longitudinally striate, and finely rugose ; clypeus convex, with a 

 small median ridge, and two or more lateral striae ; antennae twelve- jointed. 

 Thorax finely rugose, dorsal surface not interrupted between the mesonotum 

 and epinotum ; epinotal spines variable in length, narrow at the base, about 

 half as long as the basal face of the epinotum. Pedicel finely rugose ; gaster 

 smooth and shining. Legs without erect hairs. Long. 2-3-3 mm. 



Fig. 77. Scutellum and epinotum 

 of Leptothorax tuberum $. 



$ Dark brown, or reddish brown, club of antennae blackish brown, the rest 

 of the antennae, mandibles, legs, and often a broad patch on the anterior border 

 of the first and second segments of the gaster yellow. 



Head more strongly longitudinally striate than in the Q ; clypeus as in 

 the ^ ; antennae twelve- jointed. Thorax : mesonotum and scutellum longi- 

 tudinally striate ; epinotal spines medium in length, not so long as in nylanderi. 

 Petiole and post-petiole finely striate ; gaster smooth and shining. Wings 

 clear ; radial cell small and closed. Long. 3-7-4-5 mm. 



Fig. 78. Pedicel of Leptothorax tuberum <$. 



Brownish black, mandibles, antennae, legs, and extremity of gaster, dirty 

 pale yellow. 



Head finely rugose ; mandibles with terminal border quadridentate ; 

 antennae thirteen- jointed, with a narrow, but distinct, four- jointed club, 

 scape much longer than the second joint of funiculus, funiculus with joints 

 two to five twice as long as broad. Thorax : mesonotum rugose ; scutellum 

 smooth and shining ; epinotum rugose, armed with two blunt tooth-like 

 tubercles. Pedicel finely rugose ; petiole viewed in profile slightly raised and 

 rounded in the centre ; post-petiole somewhat longer than high ; gaster 

 smooth and shining. Wings as in the $. Long. 2-5-3-2 mm. 



Original description of Formica tuberum Fabricius [Syst. Ent. 

 393 (1775)] : 



" F. rufa, capite abdominisque fascia nigris, petiolo binodi. Habitat in 

 Suecia. 



Praecedente minor. Antennae rufae, apice nigrae. Thorax ferruginous, 

 postice bidentatus." 



Habitat. 



L. tuberum ranges over Europe in the centre and south and in 

 the Caucasus, but is less widely distributed in the north. 

 In Britain it is found in the following counties : 

 Cornwall : Cornwall 34 . 



