TETRAMORIUM. 171 



impura Forster Hym. Stud. 1 48 (1850) 8 . Myrmica modesta Forster Hym. 

 Stud. 1 49 (1850) 9 . Myrmica fuscula F. Smith Zool. 9 3248 (1851) 10 ; Schenck 

 Jahr. Ver. Naturk. Nassau 8 86-91 (1852) 11 . Myrmica atratula Schenck 

 Jahr. Ver. Naturk. Nassau 8 91 (1852) 12 . Myrmica fuscula F. Smith Zool. 

 11 4080 (1853) 13 . Myrmica caespitum Curtis Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 21 

 215 (1854) 14 . Myrmica maculipes Curtis Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 21 216 

 (1854) $ 15 . Myrmica caespitum F. Smith Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. (n.s.) 3 

 122-124 (1855) 16 : Ent. Ann. 1855 97 17 . Tetramorium caespitum Mayr 

 Verh. Zool. Bot. Ver. Wien 5 426 (1855) 18 . Tetramorium atratulum Mayr 

 Verh. Zool. Bot. Ver. Wien 5 429 (1855) $ 19 . Myrmica (Tetramorium) caespi- 

 tum F. Smith Cat. Brit. Foss. Hym. 26 (1858) 20 : Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 

 (n.s.) 4 1857 279 (1858) 21 . Myrmica caespitum F. Smith Ent. Ann. 1865 

 89 22 . Tetramorium caespitum F. Smith Ent. Mo. Mag. 2 29 (1865) 23 : Ent. 

 Ann. 1868 95 24 . Myrmica caespitum Moggridge Harvesting Ants 63 (1873) 25 . 

 Tetramorium caespitum Forel Denkschr. Schweiz. Ges. Naturw. 26 72 26 

 224 27 270 28 412 29 (1874); McCook Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philadelphia 1878 

 15-19 30 : 1879 156-161 31 ; Saunders Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1880 218 32 ; 

 Parfitt Trans. Devon Assn. Sc-Art. 12 516 (1880) 33 ; Er. Andre Spec. Hym. 

 Europe 2 285 (1881) 34 ; Lubbock Ants, Bees, Wasps 17 (1882) 36 ; Fowler 

 Ent. Mo. Mag. 19 139 (1882) 36 ; Forel Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sc. Nat. 20 23 (1884) 37 ; 

 Perkins Ent. Mo. Mag. 27 195 (1891) 38 ; Bignell Young Nat. 3 255 (1892) 39 ; 

 Dalla Torre Cat. Hym. 7 131 (1893) 40 ; Farren-White Ants' Ways 6 41 95 42 

 242 43 (1895); Saunders Hym-Acul. 33 (1896) 44 ; Marlatt U.S. Dp. Agr. 

 Div. Ent. (n.s.) Bull. 4 97-99 tf. 45a-g. (1896) 45 ; Rothney Ent. Mo. Mag. 

 35 14 (1899) 46 ; Morley Hym. Suffolk 2 2 (1899) 47 ; Nevinson Ent. Mo. 

 Mag. 38 12 (1902) 48 ; Vic. Hist. Surrey 1 85 (1902) 49 ; Janet Obs. Fourmis 

 51 (1904) 50 ; Nevinson Ent. Mo. Mag. 41 21 (1905) 51 ; Vic. Hist. Sussex 1 

 131 (1905) 52 ; Perez Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 61 XXXII-IV (1906) 53 ; Vic. 

 Hist. Berks 1 76 (1906) 54 ; Vic. Hist. Cornwall 1 182 (1906) 55 ; Vic. Hist. 

 Somerset 1 75 (1906) 56 ; Escherich Ameise 117 (1906) 57 ; Vic. Hist. Kent 

 1 116 (1908) 68 ; Wasmann Biol. Centralb. 28 353 (1908) 59 ; Donisthorpe 

 Trans. Leicester Lit-Phil. Soc. 12 226 (1908) 60 . Tetramorium caespitum 

 caespitum Emery Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr. 1909 700 61 . Tetramorium caespitum 

 Wheeler Ants 154 62 278 63 (1910) ; Donisthorpe Ent. Rec. 22 17 (1910) 64 : 

 Entom. 44390(1911) 65 : Ent. Rec. 24 5-6 (1912) 66 : 25 267 (1913) 67 ; Evans 

 Scot. Nat. 1913 116 68 ; Crawley and Donisthorpe Int. Ent. Cong. Oxford 

 1912 2 21 (1913) 69 . 



Fig. 81. Head and shoulders of 

 Tetramorium caespitum ^. 



^ Variable in colour, blackish brown to brownish yellow, with the mandibles, 

 antennae, articulations of the legs and the tarsi yellow. 



Head and thorax striate longitudinally. Petiole and post-petiole wrinkled 

 longitudinally, but generally smooth in the centre ; gaster smooth and shining. 

 Long. 2-4-4 mm. 



$ Blackish brown, with the mandibles, antennae, legs, and posterior margins 



