236 THE ASSOCIATION 



render fit for industrial work persons who, without 

 university education, would be very ill-equipped 

 indeed. He concurred with all the speakers that 

 there is a great financial need, both in the old and 

 new universities, for help towards this object. But 

 there is a still greater need namely, that capitalists 

 should recognise the necessity of giving employment 

 to those whom the universities turn out. There is 

 some evidence to show that shipbuilders and manu- 

 facturers prefer the future captains of industry to 

 begin work early in life in the old way. He thought 

 they were wrong, but they must be convinced that 

 they are wrong, otherwise there will be no advantage 

 in turning out qualified students if employers are 

 content to use the man who acquires his training 

 by actual day-to-day labour, but is not qualified in 

 the higher scientific attainments which are more and 

 more becoming necessary. Another thing we want 

 is the creation of positions which will enable a man 

 who has exceptional gifts of originality in science 

 to devote his life to the subjects of his predilection, 

 so as not to be driven to another kind of life in which 

 he will not be able to render the full service of which 

 he is capable to his country. In Germany such 

 positions, which must in the main be attached to 

 the universities, are more numerous than in this 

 country. He could conceive no more admirable use 

 of any funds which the universities can command 

 than the increase of such positions. Having dealt 

 with the more general aspects of the problem pre- 

 sented by the various speakers, he desired to leave 

 it to the Chancellor of the Exchequer to speak upon 

 the more practical question of what the Government 

 can do and what it cannot do. 



' The Chancellor of the Exchequer said that he 



