THE LONGICORNES. 203 



near which their traces are small, the gallery getting, 

 of course, larger as the larva increases in size, foreign 

 species have often been introduced into this country in 

 wood; and, as the perfect insects are hardy and fly 

 strongly, they have been caught in places far from their 

 original spot of landing. In this way a large North 

 American Longicorn has occurred near Manchester; 

 and may, indeed, be said to have become naturalized, as 

 specimens of it have been taken at considerable inter- 

 vals, and always in the same wood, where the original 

 specimen, in all probability, laid her eggs. 



The larvae of the Longicornes are soft, dirty white, and 

 fleshy, somewhat flattened, broadest in front, the second 

 segment being large and flat ; with the head broad, de- 

 pressed, hard, retractile, and having strong mandibles, 

 minute retractile antennae, and rudimentary tubercular 

 eyes on each side. They possess six very small, jointed, 

 horny legs in front ; but thrust themselves along their 

 galleries by means of fleshy dorsal elevations, the seg- 

 ments being all more or less retractile. 



Our species, very few in number compared with those 

 of most other countries, may be considered as divided 

 into four families: the Prlonida, Cerambycidte, La- 

 miada, and Lepturida ; the three last of which are again 

 separated into sub-families. 



The PRIONID^ have the labrum obsolete or very small ; 

 the mandibles large and robust, especially in the males ; 

 the inner lobe of the maxillae obsolete or small ; the 

 palpi moderately long; the labium small ; the antennae 

 inserted close above the base of the mandibles, but with 

 the insertion not surrounded by the emargination of the 

 eyes ; the head not narrowed behind into a neck ; the 

 thorax subquadrate, spined or toothed at the sides ; the 



