XXV111 SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT 



Sub -Family I. Ansemnce. 



113. ANSER (Goose). Bill moderate, narrower in front than 

 behind, and higher than broad at the base ; ends of the lamellae 

 extending to the edges of the mandibles, and appearing like teeth ; 

 nostrils behind the middle ; legs moderate, placed not far from the 

 middle of the body ; neck moderate. Page 473. 



114. CYGNUS (Swan). Bill of equal breadth throughout, fur- 

 nished with a knob at the base ; nostrils medial ; legs short ; neck 

 exceedingly long. Page 484. 



Sub-Family II. Anatince. 



Bill of equal width throughout, or broader at the top than at the 

 base, of about the same length as the head ; legs short, placed rather 

 behind the middle of the body ; hind toe without a pendent mem- 

 brane ; tarsi somewhat round. 



115. TADORNA (Sheldrake). Bill with an elevated tubercle at the 

 base, depressed in the middle ; nostrils large, pervious. Page 490. 



116. ANAS (Duck, Wigeon, Teal). Bill with the sides parallel, 

 or dilated towards the tip ; nostrils small, basal ; wings rather long, 

 pointed ; tail wedge-shaped or pointed. Page 493. 



Sub-Family III. FuligulincB. 

 Hind toe with a lobated membrane ; tarsi compressed. 



117. SOMATERIA (Eider Duck). Bill swollen and elevated at 

 the base, extending up the forehead, where it is divided by an 

 angular projection of feathers ; nostrils small, medial. Page 508. 



118. OIDBMIA (Scoter). Bill short, broad, with an elevated 

 knob at the base, the tip much flattened ; nail larger flat, obtuse, 

 slightly deflected ; lamellae coarse, widely set ; nostrils oval, medial ; 

 tail short, graduated, acute. Page 512. 



119. FULIGULA (Pochard, Scaup). Bill not longer than the head, 

 but slightly elevated at the base, a little broader towards the tip ; 

 edges of the upper iriandible inclosing the edges of the lower ; 

 nostrils in the basal half of the upper mandible ; wings rather short. 



Page 515. 



Sub-Family IV. Merganince. 



120. MERGTJS (Smew, Merganser, Goosander). Bill straight, 

 slender, narrow, approaching to cylindrical ; upper mandible 

 hooked ; edges of both mandibles armed with sharp teeth directed 

 backwards ; legs short, placed far backward. Page 525. 



Family II. COLYMBID.SJ. 

 (DIVERS. ) 



Bill slightly compressed, not covered with a membranous skin ; 

 edges of the mandibles unarmed, or but slightly toothed ; wings 

 short ; legs placed far behind ; tarsi very much compressed ; toes four. 

 Food, fish and other aquatic animal substances obtained by diving. 



