OF GENEKA. XV 



short ; first primary very small, third, fourth, and fifth nearly equal 

 and the longest ; tail long, wedge-shaped ; tarsus stout, longer than 

 the middle toe. Page 140. 



36. KEGULUS (Goldcrest). Bill very slender, awl-shaped, 

 straight, compressed ; cutting edges bent inwards about the middle ; 

 nostrils partly concealed by small bristly feathers, directed forwards ; 

 first primary veiy short, second much shorter than the third, fourth 

 and fifth longest ; tail moderate ; tarsus slender, rather long. 



Page 142. 



Family V. PARID.E. 

 (TITS.) 



Bill short, straight, conical, sharp-pointed, destitute of a notch ; 

 nostrils basal, concealed by reflected bristly hairs. Small birds, 

 remarkable for their activity, not highly gifted with musical power, 

 constantly flitting and climbing about trees and bushes, which 

 they examine for small insects, suspending themselves in all 

 attitudes, feeding also on grains and fruits, and not sparing small 

 birds when they are able to overpower them. 



37. PARUS (Tit). Bill strong, slightly compressed ; first primary 

 short, second shorter than the third, fourth and fifth longest ; hind 

 claw strongest and most hooked ; tarsus robust. Page 145. 



38. CALAMOPHILUS (Bearded Tit). Upper mandible curved at 

 the tip and bending over the lower one, which is nearly straight ; 

 first primary exceedingly short, fourth and fifth longest ; tail very 

 long, wedge-shaped, graduated. Page 158. 



Family VI. AMPELID-E. 

 (CHATTERERS.) 



Beak stout, approaching, especially in the form of the lower 

 mandible, to that of the CONIROSTRES ; the upper mandible is 

 however somewhat broad at the base, flat, with the upper edge 

 more or less angular and ridged, and the tip distinctly notched. 

 Feet usually stout, with the outer toe united to the middle one as 

 far as, or beyond the first joint. They feed principally on berries 

 and other soft fruits, occasionally also on insects. 



39. BOMBYCILLA (Waxwing). Bill as above; nostrils oval, 

 concealed by small feathers directed forwards ; wings long and 

 pointed ; first and second primaries longest, some of the secondaries 

 and tertials terminating in wax-like prolongations of their shafts. 



Page 160. 



Family VII. MOTACILLID^B. 

 (WAGTAILS.) 



Bill slender, angular between the nostrils ; the upper mandible 

 notched ; wings with one of the scapulars as long as the closed 

 wing, imparting a resemblance to the WADERS ; tail long, constantly 



