Xli SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT 



Sub-Family IV. Surnince. 



Beak curved from the base ; egrets wanting ; cere small ; nostrils 

 oval ; facial disk small and incomplete ; legs and toes covered with 

 feathers. 



19. SURNIA (Snowy and Hawk Owls). Ear small ; wings 

 moderate, third primary longest. Page 57. 



20. NOCTUA (Little and Tengmalm's Owls). Ear large ; wings 

 large, third and fourth quill-feathers nearly equal in length. 



Page 59. 



Order II. PASSERES* 



(PERCHING BIRDS.) 



Bill various ; feet adapted for perching on trees or on the ground 

 (not for grasping, wading, or swimming) ; toes four, all in the same 

 plane, three before and one behind ; claws slender, curved, and 

 acute. Food, various ; that of the nestlings, perhaps in all instances, 

 soft insects. 



Tribe I. DENTIROSTRES.t 



Bill with the upper mandible notched on each side near the tip ; 

 feet generally slender. 



Family I. LANID^. 

 (SHRIKES.) 



Bill strong, arched, and hooked, the upper mandible strongly 

 notched after the manner of the FALCONID-E ; claws adapted for 

 capturing insects and even small birds. 



21. LANITJS (Shrike, or Butcher Bird). Bill short, flattened 

 vertically (compressed) at the sides ; gape furnished with bristly 

 feathers directed forwards ; wings with the first three primaries 

 graduated, the third and fourth being the longest. Page 61. 



Family II. MTJSCICAPIDJE. 

 (FLYCATCHERS.) 



Bill broad, flattened horizontally (depressed), slightly toothed, 

 and adapted for capturing small flying insects ; feet for the most 

 part feeble J. 



22. MuscfCAPA (Flycatcher). Bill moderate, somewhat tri- 

 angular, depressed at the base, compressed towards the tip, which 

 is slightly curved downwards ; gape armed with stiff bristles ; 

 tarsus equal to or longer than the middle toe ; side toes of equal 

 length ; wings with the first primary very short, and the third and 

 fourth longest. Page 67. 



* See " Gosse's Natural History, Birds," p. 28. (S.P.C.K.) 

 t Ibid, p. 76. j Ibid, p. 101. 



