MUSC1CAPLCLE. FHINGILLID^E. 13 



76. RED-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. Muscicapa parva, Bechstein. Rare C. & S.E. j ^ 

 straggler to England and once to Ireland on migration. w^Sia 



Tail blackish brown ; the base of all, except the two centre feathers, wintering in 

 more or less white. 



Male. General colour above ashy brown. Throat and upper breast 

 orange-red. 



Female and male in winter plumage have the throat dull buff. Length 

 5 inches. 



Spring to autumn. Wings 

 with nine visible primaries. 



77. SWALLOW. Hirundo rustica, Linnaeus. 



> Head, back, and rump steel-blue. Throat and forehead chestnut-red, 

 with complete blue-black band across the lower part of the throat; 

 underparts buff to creamy white. Tail strongly forked; two outer 

 feathers greatly prolonged. Length 8^ inches. 



78. MARTIN. Chelidon urbica (Linnaeus). ^\ 

 I Rump white ; under surface pure white ; tail much forked ; toes 



feathered. Length 4| inches. 



79. SAND-MARTIN. Cotile riparia (Linnseus). 



o Above mouse-coloured ; underparts white, except greyish band 



between chest and throat. Minute tuft of feathers just above hind toe. 



Young. Feathers above edged with huffish white. Length 4 j inches. 



FRINGrILLID-33. Wings with nine visible primaries. 



80. GREENFINCH. Ligurinus chloris (Linnaeus). Sylvan. Resident. 



Adult male. General colour above olive-yellow, shaded with ashy 

 grey ; crown more ashy than back ; axillaries bright yellow ; primaries 

 edged with bright yellow reaching to the shaft ; tail black at ends, 

 yellow at the base ; outer tail-feathers yellow at base of both webs. 



In winter. Browner. 



Female. Browner than male ; primaries only margined with yellow ; 

 outer tail-feathers edged with yellow on outer web only. 



Young male. Like female, but has primaries and tail as in adult male. 

 Length 6 inches. 



? 81. HAWFINCH. Coccothraustes vulgaris, Pallas. Sylvan. Resident. 



Bill very large. Fifth and next four primaries shaped like a bill- I / 



hook. / r\ 



Adult male. General colour above chestnut-brown ; crown reddish / *s 

 brown, lightest on forehead ; hind neck grey ; black patch on chin : 

 larger wing-coverts tipped with white ; sides of body and flanks 

 vinaceous brown ; bill bluish ; iris greyish white. 



Female. Head ashy brown ; secondaries edged with bluish grey ; 

 flanks as in male. 



