14 



In winter. Bill fleshy white. 



Young. Spotted, no grey at back of neck or black patch on chin ; lower 

 breast and flanks spotted and barred with brown ; iris brown. Length 

 7 inches. 



/ 82. GOLDFINCH. Carduelis elegans, Stephens. Resident, but de- 



I ]f 2^ fe> creasing. 



Bill nearly conical, sharp-pointed. 



Adult. General colour above ruddy brown. Forehead, upper throat, 

 and cheeks crimson ; hinder crown and sides of neck Hack ; outer web 

 of basal half of primaries, except the first, and the larger wing-coverts, 

 brilliant yellow. 



Young. Mottled, no red or black on head, that part being greyish 

 brown. Length 5 inches. 



83. SISKIN. Carduelis spinus (Linnaeus). Arboreal. Occasionally 

 breeds in England, regularly in Scotland and Ireland. 



Adult male. Above yellowish green ; cheeks, throat, and breast bright 

 yellow ; flanks streaked with black ; crown and small patch on chin 

 black ; tail blackish, all but the two centre feathers yellow at the base. 



Female. !No black on head or chin; throat uniform dull white. 

 Length 4| inches. 



C, & S. Europe, 84. SEEIN FINCH. Serinus Tiortidanus, K. L. Koch. Sylvan. Very 

 Asia Minor, ra re straggler to England ; importation suspected. 



^ Bill conical, short, stout and blunt. 



Adult male. General colour above pale brown, each feather edged 

 with yellow, and streaked with black on the centre ; crown like the 

 back ; forehead, nape, eye-stripe, throat, and breast yellow ; flanks 

 streaked with black. 



Female. Like male, but duller ; throat, breast, and flanks streaked 

 with dark brown. Length 4| inches. 



85. HOUSE-SPAEEOW. Passer domesticus (Linnaeus). Resident. 



Adult male. Crown, nape, and rump asliy grey, with a chestnut streak 

 I it til on each side of head ; throat black ; ear-coverts white ; general colour 

 *" above chestnut, streaked with black on back. 



Female. Lacks black throat of male ; above dingy brown, streaked 

 with black ; pale eye-stripe ; rump ashy brown. 



Young. Like female, but can always be known by the yellowish skin 

 at angle of gape. Length 6 inches. 



Iv to- 



86. TEEE-SPAEEOW. Passer montanus (Linnaeus). Resident. 



Sexes alike. Smaller than' last. Always nests in holes of trees, thatch, 

 and buildings. 



Adult. Crown and nape uniform vinaceous chestnut ; throat black ; 

 ear-coverts ashy white, with black patch on lower part ; rump ashy 

 brown. 



Young. Duller, but show indistinctly markings of adults. Length 

 5 1 inches. 



