17 



97. TWO-BAEEED CROSSBILL. Loxia bifosciata (C. L. Brehm). Rare 

 straggler in winter. Arboreal. 



Adult male. General colour above pale scarlet, underparts rosy. 

 Middle wing-coverts white, with dusky bases ; greater coverts blackish, 

 tipped with white, forming a second wing-bar. 



Female. Olive-yellow where red in male. Length 6 inches. 



The American race, L. leucoptera, said to have occurred in this country, 

 resembles the European form, except that the scapulars are darker. 



98. BLACK-HEADED BUNTING. Emberiza melanocephala, Scopoli. S.E. Europe, 

 Three occurrences (females and young birds) : Sussex, 1868 ; Notts, Asiajttinor, 

 1884 ; and Scotland, 1887. 



Male. Head and ear- coverts black ; back and rump chestnut ; chin 

 and underparts bright yellow. 



Female and young. Head brown, streaked with black ; back and rump 

 pale chestnut, washed with yellow ; under tail-coverts yellow. Length 

 6-7 inches. 



99. COBN-BUNTING. Emberiza miliaria, LinnaBus. Resident. 



Sexes alike. General colour greyish brown, streaked with dark X^" 

 brown ; light eyebrow ; tail brown, with edges and tips of buffy white, 

 no other colours in plumage. Length 7 inches. 



100. YELLOW HAMMEB. Emberiza citrinella, LinnaBtis. Resident. 



, Male in summer. Head lemon-yellow ; back rufous, streaked with dark * 



T brown ; ruuip chestnut ; under surface yellow. / 



In winter. Head marked with brown, and generally less bright. /L 



Female. Head less yellow, crown streaked with black ; throat and 

 breast striped with blackish. Length 6^-7 inches. 



101. CIBL BUNTING. Emberiza cirlus, Linna3us. Resident in south 

 ^ of England ; has occurred three times in Scotland ; not authenticated 



in Ireland. 



Least wing-coverts olive-green ; rump olive-brown. 



Male. Chin, throat, and line from bill through eye to nape black ; 

 eyebrow yellow ; yellow crescent under the black throat ; upper chest 

 dull olive, bordered below by chestnut ; belly dull yellow. 



Female. Much like female of Yellow Hammer, but wanting the yellow 

 colouring. 



In winter, colours of male less bright, the black parts obscured by light 

 margins. Length 6 inches. 



J 



102. BEANDT'S SIBEEIAN BUNTING. Emberiza cioides, Brandt. Once 

 , reported from Yorkshire (' Ibis,' 1889, p. 293). 



f Adult male. General colour above chestnut, each feather streaked with 

 black ; band of chestnut across breast ; crown and ear-coverts chestnut ; 

 lores black. Length 6 inches. 

 Female. Paler. 



c 



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