20 



MOTACILLIDJE. 



Continental 112. BLUE-HEADED YELLOW WAGTAIL. Motacitta flava, Linnaeus. 



Europe, winter- Spring to autumn. 



E^Siberia 10 *' Male. Above yellowish green ; underparts, except white throat, bright 



Alaska, winter-! yellow ; broad white stripe over eye from bill to nape ; head, nape, and 

 ing in Java ^L ear-coverts blue-grey. 



Female. Head brownish and duller in colour. Length 6-6| inches. 



and Celebes 



N. Europe and 113. GREY-HEADED YELLOW WAGTAIL. Motacilla borealis, Sundevall. ^ 

 Asia, wintering y ery rare on migration. 



in ATTIP.Q. a.nn 



Like the preceding, but has no eye-stripe, and only the chin is ivhite. 



in Africa and 

 India. . * ' 



51 



Arctic Europe, 

 wintering in 

 China, India, 

 and N. Africa. 



114. YELLOW WAGTAIL. 

 autumn. 



Motacilla rail (Bonaparte). Spring to 



Male. Head canary-yellow ; upper parts olive-green ; nape yellowish 

 green ; all underparts, eye-stripe, and axillaries bright yellow. 



Female. Eye-stripe buff ; plumage much less brilliant. 



Young. Eye-stripe and underparts huffish white, with no yellow except 

 a tinge on lower belly. Length 6| inches. 



115. TREE-PIPIT. Anthus trivialis (Linnaeus), 

 not recorded from Ireland. 



Spring to autumn 



Above clear brown, distinctly streaked with dusky ; spots on breast 

 small ; flanks streaked with black, like the breast ; middle and greater 

 wing -coverts tipped with white, forming a double wing-bar ; light part 

 of outer tail-feather white or smoky white ; axillaries sandy buff. Hind 

 claw curved, shorter than hind toe. Length 6^ inches. 



116. MEADOW-PIPIT. Anthus pratensis (Linu^us). Resident. 



Head and upper parts olive-brown, mottled with black centres ; rump 

 uniform ; throat, chest, and flanks streaked with black ; light pattern of 

 tail-feathers white ; axillaries edged with olive-yellow. Hind claw nearly 

 straight, longer than hind toe. Length 5^ inches. 



117. RED-THROATED PIPIT. Anthus cervinus (Pallas). Two occur- 

 rences : Sussex and Kent, in spring. 



Male in spring. Much resembles last, but has eye-stripe, cheeks, 

 throat, and breast deep vinous red. 



Female. Only the throat vinous. 



In winter the difference between the two species is hardly distin- 

 guishable ; but it is said that in this species the rump is spotted like the 

 back, and the under tail-coverts have dark centres. Length 5| inches. 



118. RoCK-PiPiT. Anthus obscurus (Latham). Resident on rocky 

 sea-coasts in summer ; also on mud-flats in winter. 



Axillaries and light pattern on outer tail-feathers smoky brown. Hind 

 claw much curved, and equal in length to hind toe. 



Males in spring have a rosy tinge on breast, chiefly southern birds. 

 Length 6| inches. 



