TURBID jE. 



E. Asia. 



N. Asia, 

 wintering in 

 S. Asia, Java, 

 and Sumat 



S. Europe, 

 wintering in 

 Africa. <y 

 lp 



C. Asia, 

 N.E. Africa, 

 passing S. in 

 winter. 



BLAt5KEi&it. \ JTurdus merula, Linnaeus. Resident. 



: ^ Bbfk :: bill orange-yellow, y 



e. Brownish -black or reddish brown : bill brown. 

 Young. Like female, but more spotted ; the male with blackish bill. 

 Length 10 inches. 



7. RiNG-OuzEL. Turdus torquatus, Linnaeus. Spring to autumn * ; 

 breeding in hilly districts ; occasionally remaining throughout the year. 



Male. Uniform brownish black, with ivhite crescent on chest. 

 Female. Lighter; crescent narrower, washed with brown. 

 Young. Spotted. Length 11 inches. 



8. WHITE'S THETJSH. Geodchla varia (Pallas). Eare winter straggler. 



General colour above olive-brown, each feather with a crescent-shaped 

 black band across the end. Axillaries with the basal half white, rest 

 black; white band across the underpart of the wing. Fourteen tail- 

 feathers. Length 12| inches. 



[SIBERIAN THRUSH. Geodchla sibirica (Pallas). One specimen, said 

 to be from Surrey, 1860 (F. Bond). ; 



Axillaries white, with slaty-grey tips. Tail of twelve feathers. 



Male. General colour slate-grey; with conspicuous white eye-stripe 

 reaching to nape. 



Female. General colour above olive-brown ; below with brown curved 

 marks ; eye-stripe buff. Length 9 inches.] 



9. ROCK-THRUSH. Monticola saceatilis (Linnaeus). One occurrence : 

 Herts, 1843. 



Tail chestnut, two centre feathers darker than others ; axillaries and 

 lower parts chestnut. 



Male. Head and neck blue ; centre of back nearly white. 

 Female. Brown, mottled. Length 7| inches. 



10. WHEATEA.R. Saxicola cenanthe, Linnaaus. Spring to autumn. 



Axillaries white, with dark centres. 



Male. Above pale slate-grey ; below white ; ear-coverts black. 



Female. Above dull brown ; below buff; ear-coverts dark brown. 



Young. Like the female, but spotted with dark markings on feathers 

 above and below. 



Both sexes in autumn are alike, resembling female in spring, but have 

 buff margins to all the feathers. 



(Rump white, as with all the Wheatears in this list.) 



11. ISABELLIKE WHEATEAR. Saxicola isabellina, Riippoll. Once : 

 Nov. 1887, Cumberland. 



Sexes alike, above sandy or dull brown, somewhat like the female of 

 S. cenanthe. Axillaries and under wing-coverts ivhite. Terminal half of 

 tail black, rest white : the two centre feathers with more black than the 

 others. 



* " Spring to autumn," see remarks in the Introduction. 



