CHABADBLTIXaB. SCOLOPACTD.E. 



279. SOCIABLE LAPWING. Vanellus gregarius (Pallas). One (imma- 

 ture) record : Lancashire, 1860. Ceylon, ^Arabia, 



Secondaries entirely white; shortest primaries black on the outer N.E.Africa. 

 webs and white on the inner webs ; hind toe present. Length 13 inches. 



Adult. Crown black, bordered below by a broad white stripe above eye 

 to nape ; belly black, bordered below with chestnut to the vent. 



Young. Crown dark brown ; band from forehead to nape buffish 

 white ; breast white, marked with dark brown. 



280. OTSTEB-CATCHEB. Hcematopus ostralegus, Linnaeus. Eesident. 



No hind toe ; bill yellow, longer than head. 7 *1 



Plumage black and white ; head, neck, scapulars, and terminal half of / ^TS. 



tail black ; rump, upper tail-coverts, and axillaries white ; legs pink ; / 



eyelids crimson. Length 16 inches. 



281. TTJBNSTONE. Strepsilas interpres (Linnaeus). Autumn to spring ; 

 not yet detected breeding in British Isles. 



Hind toe present ; bill black, strong, straight, and pointed, shorter 

 than head ; chin and throat pure white. 



In spring. Back and wings marked with chestnut and black ; lower 

 back and rump white, the latter crossed by a black band ; legs and feet 

 orange-red. 



In winter, chestnut colour absent ; legs pale red. Length 9| inches. 



SCOLOPACIDJE. 



282. AVOCET. Recurvirostra avocetta, Linnaeus. Formerly bred in . /^ 

 S. and E. of England, now only occurs on migration. 



Bill black, curved upwards and pointed. 



White, except crown to below eye, hind neck, primaries, and some of 

 the inner secondaries and wing-coverts, which are black ; legs and the 

 partially webbed feet light blue ; iris red. 



Young. Crown and hind neck brown. Length 18 inches. 



283. BLACK-WINGED STILT. Himantopus candidus, Bonnaterre. Ir- S. Europe and 

 regular wanderer on migration. Asia, to in 



~ Bill black, twice as long as head, slender, straight, and pointed ; hind S. Africa. / 

 v toe absent ; nape, upper hind neck, wings, and back black ; underparts 

 white ; legs pale pink, about 4| inches long. 



Old males have pure white heads. Length 13 inches. 



284. GrBEY PHALABOIE. Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus). Of irregular 

 appearance late in autumn to spring. Sometimes in great numbers in 



f autumn. 



Front toes as in next species lobed, like a Coot. 

 Bill short and wide ; tail graduated. 

 In summer. Below chestnut. 



In winter. Forehead and crown white; grey nape, white wing-bar; 

 below white. Length 8 inches. 



