EPHELINA 257 



such spores escape into the air from the dead, diseased leaves 

 that have been lying on the ground throughout the winter. 

 If such diseased leaves are swept up and burned before the 

 young leaves unfold, infection is prevented. 



Rhytisma punctatum (Fries.) is a somewhat less common 

 parasite than R. acerinum. It also forms large black blotches 

 on living leaves of sycamore and maple, and is distinguished 

 by the blotch being formed of a large number of small, distinct 

 patches being crowded together on a yellowish ground. The 

 two parasites are often to be met with on the same leaf. 



Spermatia cylindrical, hyaline, 5-6X1 "5 ji. Ascospores 

 needle-shaped, 35-40x1-5-2 //. 



Treatment same as for previous fungus. 



Rhytisma onobrychidis, D. C. ( = Placosphaeria onobrychidis, 

 Sacc), forms irregularly shaped black patches on living leaves 

 of sainfoin (Onobrychis saliva, L.). Scattered spots first 

 appear on the under surface of the leaf; these increase in 

 size and become confluent, forming wavy, warted, and cracked 

 patches of a shining black. Corresponding patches on the 

 upper surface are of a dead black. Spermogonia only are 

 known : these contain minute oblong-obovate spermatia, which 

 on becoming free carry their filiform pedicel along with them. 



As a rule, this parasite does but little harm ; now and again, 

 however, it does a considerable amount of injury. 



Prillieux, Bull, des seances de la Soc. Nat. d'Agric, 1883, 

 p. 312. 



Rhytisma salicinum (Fries.) forms circular or irregular, 

 thickish, shining black patches on the upper surface of living 

 leaves of various kinds of willow. 



Spermatia 5-6 \i long. Ascospores needle-shaped, 65-95 x 

 1-5-2-5 fi. 



Rhytisma andromedae (Fries.) forms shining black patches, 

 or frequently covers the entire upper surface of living leaves 

 of Andromeda polifolia. 



Ascospores elongated and narrowly clavate, 50-60 X 5-6 \i. 



EPHELINA (Sacc.) 



Ascophores gregarious on an effused stroma, at first tuber- 

 culose, then splitting open ; asci cylindrical, 8-spored, spores 

 elongated, continuous, hyaline. 



Parasitic on living roots. 



