362 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS 



these under certain conditions may become true parasites. 

 It is considered that the mycelium of many species may be 

 parasitic in the living tree, but that, as a rule, sporophores 

 are only produced after the tree is dead. The following are 

 included by him in this category. 



Lenzites sepiaria (Fr.). Occurs very frequently on old 

 stumps of Scots fir, less frequently on living trunks of the 

 same tree, and abundantly on the worked wood. 



Lenzites abietina (Bull.) occurs abundantly on stumps of 

 pines and silver fir. 



Lenzites betulina (Fr.) is common on stumps of birch, 

 oak, and beech ; less frequently on living trunks. 



Lenzites variegaia (Fr.). On stumps of birch and oak, and 

 on living trunks of beech, poplar, and Prunus avium. 



Lentinus souamosus, Fr. { = /.. lepideus, Fr.), especially on 

 stumps of Scots fir. 



Lentinus conchatus (Fr.). On trunks of poplar and silver 

 birch. 



Partus styptic us (Fr.). Abundantly on stumps ; also on living 

 trunks of alder, hazel, birch, and beech. 



Paxilius panuoides (Fr.). On stumps of Scots fir. 

 Psathyrella disseminata (Fr.). On stumps of many broad- 

 leaved trees, espe< ially birch. 



Psilocybe spadicea (Schaeff.). Very abundant in dense tufts 

 on stumps and roots of various broad-leaved trees. Less 

 frequently on living trunks of lime, elm, willow, maple, and 

 beech. 



Hypholoma appendictdatum ( Bull.). Everywhere on stumps, 

 and on routs of living trees ; especially willows, poplars, beech, 

 and lime. Probably parasitic on roots. 



Hypholoma fasciculate (Huds.). Abundantly on stumps of 

 both" conifers and broad-leaved trees; also on living trunks 

 of oak, poplar, elm. and Scots lir. Probably a true parasite 



at tinier 



Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeff.). Abundant in clusters on 

 stumps of beech, birch, maple, horse-chestnut ; also on living 

 beech trunks. 



Flammula alnicola (Fr.). On stumps; less frequently on 

 living trunks of alder. According to Schroter it occurs on 

 trunks of lime, elm, and willow, and is a root parasite. 



Pholiota squarrosa (Mull). Very frequently on trunks of 

 various kinds of broad leaved ti 



Pholiota aurirella (Batsch.). Less frequently than the 



