viii CONTENTS. 



Movements of Organs, Twining Stems, Leaf-movements . . 150 



Movements of Tendrils, Sensitiveness 152 



Movements in .Flowers .... 153 



Movements for capture of Insects . 154 



Work costs, using up Material and Energy 155 



SECTION XVII. CRYPTOGAMOUS OR FLOWERLESS PLANTS 156 



Vascular Cryptogams, Pteridophytes 156 



Horsetails (Equisetaceaj), Ferns 157 



Club-Mosses (Lycopodiuin), &c 161 



Quillworts (Isoetes), Pillworts (Marsilia) 161 



Azolla. Cellular Cryptogams 162 



Bryophytes. Mosses (Musci) 163 



Liverworts (Hepaticae) 164 



Thallophytes 165 



Characeae 167 



Algae, Seaweeds, &c 168 



Liclienes or Lichens 171 



Fungi 172 



SECTION XVIII. CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE 175 



1. Kinds and Relationship 175 



Species, Varieties, Individuals 176 



Genera, Orders, Classes, &c 177 



2. Names, Terms, and Characters 178 



Nomenclature of Genera, Species, and Varieties 179 



Nomenclature of Orders, Classes, &c. Terminology .... 180 



3. System 181 



Artificial and Natural 182 



Synopsis of Series, Classes, &c 183 



SECTION XIX. BOTANICAL WORK 184 



1. Collection or Herborization 184 



2. Herbarium 186 



3. Investigation and Determination of Plants . . . 187 



4. Signs and Abbreviations .... 188 



Abbreviations of the Names of Botanists 190 



Glossary combined with Index 193 



