143 



Jf 



FIG. 117. BRAIN OF Salamandra maculosa. (A, dorsal, B, ventral view.) 

 VH, cerebral hemispheres, marked off by a furrow (F) from the olfactory lobes (Lot) ; 

 ZH, thalameneephalon, with the pineal gland (Z) and the ingrowth of the 

 choroid plexus on the dorsal side, the infuudibulum (Inf), and the pituitary 

 body (H) ; MR, optic lobes ; ffff, cerebellum ; NH, medulla oblongata ; Frh, 

 fourth ventricle ; E, spinal cord ; 7, olfactory nerve ; II, optic nerve, with its 

 chiasma ; III, oculomotor ; J" 1 , V-, F 3 , first, second, and third divisions of the 

 trigeminal, which arise from the Gasserian ganglion (<?) ; Co, commissure 

 between the roots of the trigeminal and facial nerves ; VI, abducent nerve ; 

 VII and VIII, facial and auditory nerves, arising from a common root ; Oh, 

 auditory capsule ; XI, X, glossopharyngeal and vagus grcup ; G l , ganglion of 

 vagus ; I Sp, 11 Sp, first (hypoglossaD and second spinal nerves. 



FIG. 118. BRAIN OF Eana eaculenta. (From the dorsal side. ) 

 VH, cerebral hemispheres marked off from the olfactory lobes (Z,o?) by a furrow (/) ; I, 

 olfactory nerve ; ZH, thalamencephalon, with the pineal gland (Z] ; MB, mid- 

 brain ; HE, cerebellum ; JV/7, medulla oblongata ; Frh, fourth ventricle. 



