154 MANUAL OF POISONOUS PLANTS 



swarm cells absent; sexual reproduction by zygospores through the union of two 

 equivalent gametes. (Aplanogametes). Conjugatae. 189 



Chlorophyll green plants, occurring singly or in colonies (threads or flat- 

 tened bodies) ; one or more nuclei, reproduction asexual by producing multilateral 

 zoospores and nonmotile aplanospores; sexual by the copulation of zoogametes, 

 or spermatozoids and oospheres; the spores produce a new plant directly or 

 generally produce swarm spores. Chlorophyceae. 190 



Plants of brackish or fresh water, consisting of internodes, short whorls 

 of cylindrical branches, cells nucleated; growth from an apical cell; asexual 

 reproduction by means of bulbils and vegetative threads; sexual reproduction 

 by egg-cells and spermatozoids, the latter are spirally coiled in the cells of the 

 antheridium ; the egg cell is contained in a spirally coiled structure and after 

 fertilization becomes an oospore. Chorales. 193 



Brown algae, chlorophyll masked by a brown coloring matter, phycophaein; 

 reproduction sexual and asexual, swarm spores, sperm cells and egg cells ; 

 marine; tetragonidia absent. Phaeophyceae. 194 



Brown algae; reproductive bodies without motion; tetragonidia present. 



Dictyotales. 194 



Red or violet algae; chromatophores contain chlorophyll and a red coloring 

 matter (phycoerythrin and rhodophyll) ; reproduction sexual and asexual; 

 mostly marine. Rhodophyceae. 194 



Parasitic or saprophytic plants with one or more cells, chlorophyll absent, 

 with apical growth ; mycelium usually evident ; reproduction sexual and 

 asexual, generally the latter; asexual by the formation of zoospores, conidia 

 or spores. IV. Eumycetes. 195 



The vegetative body mostly 1 -celled, tubular, asexual by the formation of 

 spores or endospores sexual by the formation of zygospores. 



Phycomycetes. 195 



Copious nonseptate branched mycelium, asexual reproduction by endospores 

 or chlamydospores ; sexual by zygospores. Zygomycetes. 195 



Mycelium occasionally sparingly developed, tubular, asexual; reproduction 

 by swarm spores or conidia ; sexual by the formation of oospores. 



Oomycetes. 204 



Mycelium, many celled; reproduction asexual or sexual by union of nuclei; 

 conidia borne on basidia, number various. Basidiomycetes. 209 



Mycelium many celled; reproduction sexual and asexual; the latter by 

 conidia; pycnidia and spermogonia with spermatia; sexual spores in sacs known 

 as asci; spores called ascospores. Ascomycetes. 247 



Fungi whose spores are not in sacs, or consist of sterile mycelium. Forms 

 like Oidium, Ozonium, or Mycorrhisa. Fungi Imperfecti. 281 



Organisms consisting of a fungus and an alga. Spores either in sacs 

 (Ascolichenes) or borne like toadstools (Hymenoliclienes). Lichenes. 307 



Plants with stem, root and leaf ; cormophyte or in some cases thalloid. 

 Two generations, gametophyte and sporophyte ; antheridium with sperm cells ; 

 tube cell absent. C. Embryophyta Zoidiogama. 308 



Many celled differentiated structure frequently with leaves and stem or 



