EUTHALLEPHYTA EUMYCETES AMANITA 239 



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Fig. 72. Death Cup (Amanita phalloides) 

 one-half natural size. From U. S. Dept. Agrl. 



Fig. 73. Stinkhorn, 

 Phallus impudicus. Com- 

 mon in some vineyards 

 and fields. 



white, and the latter has a large ring like the fly agaric, and is hollow, or, when young, is 

 loosely filled with cottony threads, which soon disappear. The base of the stalk differs from 

 that of the fly agaric in being more bulbous and in having the upper part of the bulb bor- 

 dered by a sac-like membrane, called the volva. The volva is often of considerable size, but 

 more frequently it is reduced to a membranous rim. In this species the stalk is longer 

 and slenderer in proportion to the diameter of the pileus than in either the fly agaric or the 

 common mushroom, and is buried rather deep in the soil or dead leaves, so that it often 

 happens that the bulb is broken off and left behind when the fungus is gathered. 



The following differences between the edible and two poisonous species are 

 noted by Dr. Farlow : 



(1) The common mushroom has a pileus which is not covered with wart-like scales; 

 gills which are brownish purple when mature; a nearly cylindrical stalk, which is not hoi- 



