82 PROFESSOR STRUTHERS. 



quadrate form. On the last dorsal, the length is 1 inch, breadth 5|, 

 thickness about 1 inch. The shortness of the lamina and the less 

 width apart of the articular processes, compared with Megaptera, are 

 co-relations.] 



12. THE PEDICLE. The upper limit of the pedicle is defined 

 by a smooth elevation crossing it obliquely from the margin of 

 the articular process to a tubercle on the posterior margin of 

 the pedicle. This tubercle is present as a flattened pointed 

 projection (1 inch in height at the base, and about J inch in 

 length) from the posterior margin of the pedicle, from the 8th 

 dorsal back to the 4th or 5th lumbar. On the dorsal vertebra 

 in front of the 8th there is, however, serial with it, a rough 

 elevation a little in front of the border of the pedicle. The 

 tubercle appears to be in relation with the anterior inferior 

 corner of the articular process of the vertebra behind it, as 

 if a ligament passed between them, the tubercle a little lower 

 than the process. It disappears in the lumbar region just- 

 where the articular processes cease to have an anterior inferior 

 corner. 



[In B. musculus there is no projecting tubercle, but along the 

 dorsal region there is a low rough elevation a little in front of the 

 posterior border of the pedicle, at its base and about an inch below 

 the level of the anterior inferior corner of the quadrate articular 

 process behind it.] 



The great thickness of the pedicle of several of the dorsal 

 vertebrae anterior to the 8th, is owing to its being also the root 

 of the transverse process. Behind this the thickness does not 

 vary much, diminishing slowly backwards ; at the 9th dorsal, 

 If inch; at the 13th dorsal, 1 J ; at the 8th lumbar, 1 inch; 

 at the 4th caudal it has increased to 1J, and behind this it 

 increases a little. The breadth increases backwards as the thick- 

 ness diminishes ; at the 8th dorsal, 3J inches ; 10th dorsal, 3 \ ; 

 1st lumbar, 4 ; 2nd and 3rd caudal, 4J ; but after the 3rd caudal 

 it decreases a little. 



[In B. musculus the thickness of the pedicle from the 9th dorsal to 

 the 3rd caudal does not exceed f inch; from the 13th dorsal to the 

 14th lumbar it is only inch. The breadth along the lumbar region 

 and posterior half of the dorsal is 4 to 4^ inches.] 



The posterior border of the pedicle is concave, the concavity 



