22 PROGRESS OF BOTANY 



although he had the advantage of studying under the illustrious 

 Swede, and was said to have been a favourite pupil ("L1XN.&0 ex. 

 discipulis acceptisshnus"), it does not appear that he ever did 

 much for the science. 



In 1773, the second botanical garden within the British provinces 

 of North America, was established by Humphry Marshall, in 

 the township of West Bradford, Chester County, Pennsylvania, at 

 the site of the present village of Marsliallton. Humphry, however, 

 had been previously indulging his taste, and employing his leisure 

 time in collecting and cultivating useful and ornamental plants at 

 his paternal residence, near the Brandywine. 



The laudable example of Humphry Marshall was not Avithout 

 its influence in the community where he resided. His friend and 

 neighbour, the late estimable Joiix Jacksox, -was endowed with a 

 similar taste for the beauties of nature ; and, in the year 1777, 

 commenced a highly interesting collection of plants, at his residence 

 in Londongrove, which is still preserved in good condition, by his 

 son, William Jacksox, Esq. About the year 1800, also, the 

 brothers JosnuA and Samuel Peirce, of East Marlborough, began 

 to adorn their premises by tasteful culture and planting ; and they 

 have produced an Arboretum of evergreens, and other elegant 

 forest trees, which is certainly unrivalled in Pennsylvania, and 

 probably not surpassed in these United States. 



Botanic gardens have likewise been instituted at Charleston, 

 South Carolina, at New York, by the late Doctor David Hosack, 

 and at Cambridge, near Boston.* 



In 1781, a description of certain of our forest trees, under the 

 title of JBeschreibung einiger Nord-Amerikanisclien Holzartt //, 

 was published at Gottingen, by Jul. Ad. Fried. Vox \Vaxgex- 

 heim, a German botanist, who, it is understood, had been a surgeon 

 to the Hessian troops, employed by the British government, in 

 the war of Independence. 



In the first volume of the Memoirs of the American Academy 

 an institution established at Boston, in 1780 the Rev. Maxasseh 

 Cutler, LL.D., published the first essay towards a scientific de- 



* The botanic garden at Charleston, S. C, was established about the year 1804; 

 that by Dr. Hosack, at New York, in 1801 ; and that at Cambridge, in or about 

 the year 1805. The first two, it is believed, have wholly disappeared. The last- 

 named, now under the skilful supervision of Professor A. Grat, is in a flourishing 

 condition; and bids fair, if supported by an adequate endowment, to be a peren- 

 nial monument of the liberality and love of science, of those who projected it. 



