THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



its numberless stomata or breathing 

 pores in active work. 



When the foliage is spotted with 

 fungi or bitten by insects, the leaf 

 loses its functions either wholly or in 

 part, and, when a leaf becomes covered 

 with fungi, cell tissue is disorganized 

 and it is as useless as though it were off 

 the tree. Thus we see that no amount 

 of fertilizing through the soil will give 

 satisfactory results unless the foliage be 

 kept clean and healthy and in the best 

 possible condition to absorb the carbon 

 from the atmosphere, and to do this we 

 must spray and spray thoroughly, both 

 with fungicides and insecticides. 



Practical illustrations in spraying and 

 the materials used have been made in 

 almost every corner of the province, 

 thanks to the energy and interest taken 

 in our fruit growers by the Minister of 

 Agriculture for Ontario, Mr. John Dry- 

 'den and his energetic helpers, and there 



is very little, if any excuse now for not 

 knowing when and how, and what to 

 use in spraying your orchards. 

 Summary. 



Cultivate the soil thoroughly and 

 frequently to retain the moisture neces- 

 sary for the sap flow that holds the ele- 

 ments of plant growth in solution. 

 Supply humus to keep up active nitrifica- 

 tion. Supply those elements of plant 

 food of which the soil is most rapidly 

 exhausted. 



Spray your trees thoroughly and at the 

 proper time to check fungi and insect 

 depredations, and the result will be 

 rapid and healthy growth, abundance of 

 dark green foliage, fruit buds fully deve- 

 loped, and a crop of full grown perfect 

 fruit with pleasure and profit to the 

 grower. 



Harold Jones. 



Maitland, 



Mar. 8th, i8gg. 



EXPORTING TENDER FRUITS. 



N our Report for 1898 our readers 

 will find a very interesting address 

 by Prof. Robertson on this subject, 

 which is of the greatest moment to 

 the more enterprising of Canadian fruit 

 growers. From the experience of the 

 cold storage shipments of 1898 it would 

 appear that the possibility of success is 

 within reach. As Mr. Robertson says : 



'* I have learned by two years' experience, 

 that the British consumer and importer does 

 not care a snap of his fingers for the fancy 

 names of highly esteemed kinds of fruit. 

 Soundness is his first consideration, second, 

 their keeping qualities, then 7iice appearance 

 in regard to color, size and shape, and lastly, 

 he looks for as nice flavor as you can give him. 



"The California pears Ihat go to England 

 are sold particularly well because the re- 

 ceivers there say they can keep them for two 

 weeks after they get them. Anybody in 

 Canada knows that a Bartlett is a joy to eat 

 compared with a tough old tasteless pear 

 from California, still the pears from California 

 would fetch nine shillings a case whereas our 



best would fetch only six shillings, because 

 the California ones would keep." 



Tomatoes, peaches and grapes made 

 unsatisfactory returns, but one case of 

 Centennial peaches, sent by the writer, 

 which variety is a clingstone and worth- 

 less so far as quality is concerned but is 

 firm of flesh, and of fine appearance, 

 actually sold for 13/ or nearly S3 25. 

 The case contained about 60 peaches. 



We believe there is hope of splendid 

 success in all these fruits, providing we 

 can once decide upon the variety which 

 will carry. Even in grapes we do not 

 despair, for some cases of Lindsay and 

 Wilder sold well, and would, no doubt, 

 soon create a fine demand. 



We believe it is the intention to have 

 these experimental shipments continued 

 one more season, after which, no doubt, 

 they may be safely left to the ordinary 

 course of trade for development. 



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