THE ART OF PROPAGATING. 



=\nUDDING performs the same 



=^c;^ duty that grafting does, the 



__Jy one done in Winter or Spring 

 before the young buds have 

 started, while the other is reversed, and 

 can be done only when the subject is in 

 a growing state, so that the bark peels 

 readily from the wood. 



Budding, as the name imports, is the 

 insertion of a bud of one kind of tree 

 into the bark of another. It is an ex- 

 peditious way of increasing any improved 

 variety of fruit to an almost unlimited 

 extent, as every bud from growing shoots 

 is, as it were, available, from which an 

 independent plant can be grown. In 

 this respect, it is similar to raising 

 plants from cuttings, where, in many 

 things, every eye may be made to pro- 

 duce a new plant. Grafting has to have 

 two or more buds. 



Without one or other of these meth- 

 ods, there is but one way of increas- 

 ing many kinds of fruit, that of layering 

 Hence, were it not for the methods of 

 increase, fruit of improved kinds would 

 be exceedingly scarce, whereas, by its 

 means, any new apple, peach, pear, or 

 the like, may be increased very rapidly. 



In the old country much is done by 

 budding or grafting in raising ornamen- 

 tal trees, roses, and other shrubs, and to 

 a more limited extent by the nursery- 

 men of this country. Even the florists 

 find it to their interest to grow many 

 kinds of roses this way now, as some 

 fine kinds appear to do better budded 

 or grafted on another kind as a stock. 



Sometimes the object sought is to 

 dwarf the growth, as for example, an or- 

 dinary apple worked on to a Paradise 

 stock, Itself a small growing kind, dwarfs 

 the growth down to an ordinary sized 

 bush ; so with pear on quince. 



Tn other cases very superior fruits or 



308 



Fig. 1632.— Budding. 

 flowers are sometimes of weakly growth ; 

 these worked on to the wilding of its 

 kind increases its vigor, but preserves 

 the character of the fruit. 



In the apple, pear and peach, the 

 stock usually used is the produce of the 

 respective fruits raised from seed In 

 the rose in Europe, the common dog 

 rose, Manetti and other strong growers 

 is the general stock. Any person having 

 a vigorous climbing rose of the Queen of 

 Prairie, can easily inoculate it by insert- 

 ing buds of other choice kinds of 

 rose. 



T/ie Time to Bud is when the bark 

 will peel from the stock, and is in a 

 half ripe state, the sort from which the 

 bud is obtained being also in the same 

 condition, the bud itself being fairly 

 formed and plump and round in ap- 

 pearance. If budded early in the sea- 

 son, some things will push the bud into 

 growth at once. The general practice is 

 to bud so that the bud remains dormant 

 until Spring, so that the bark will peel 

 freely. Secondly a proper time ; not too 

 early, when there is a little cambium, or 

 mucilaginous cement between the bark 

 and the wood, for the adhesion of the 

 bud, — nor too late, when the bark will 



