EXPERIMENTS IN ENGLAND WITH COLD STORAGE. 



not peel freely, nor the subsequent 

 growth sufficiently cement the buds to 

 the stock. Thirdly, buds sufficiently 

 mature. Fourthly, a keen, flat knife, 

 for shaving off the bud, that it may lie 

 close in contact upon the wood of the 

 stock. Fifthly, the application of a liga- 

 ture with moderate pressure, causing the 

 bud to fit the stock closely. 



The stock and bud being in a vigor- 

 ous growth, and in condition, an incision 

 is made lengthwise through the bark of 

 the stock at the right angles, forming 

 the letter T. A bud is then taken from 

 a shoot — each leaf having been cut a 

 short distance above the bud as shown 

 in our illustration. (Fig. 1633.) The 

 bud is shaved off the scion an inch or 

 inch and a half in length — with a 

 small part of the wood directly be- 

 neath the bud. This wood is left in 

 by the best budders in this coun- 

 try, but removed in the old — but their 

 moist climate favors this better than 

 ours. The edges of the bark are then 

 raised a little and the bud pushed 

 downwards under the bark. A bandage 

 of bass, soft string or other substance is 

 wrapped around, covering all but the 

 bud. 



Fig. 1633. 



the junction 



Rosarians generally 

 use woolen yarn for 

 string, as less likely to 

 cut and wound the 

 tender shoots. To pre- 

 vent the bud drying up 

 the leaf is cut, leaving 

 but little exposed to 

 wither — which would 

 be fatal. Usually in 

 ten days to two weeks 

 is sufficiently formed 

 to sever the bandage. When in vigor- 

 ous growth, if this is not attended to, 

 the tie is apt to cut into the stock. An 

 examination will readily show if the junc- 

 tion is formed, or if the ligature is cut- 

 ting into the stock. (See Fig. 1632.) 



If everything is in shape, in the 

 Spring the stock is cut off a couple of 

 inches above the inserted bud. This 

 causes the bud to push. If on young 

 stock, no other bud is to be allowed to 

 grow, itself finally forming the tree or 

 bush. If it is a fancy of inserting 

 another kind into a growing bush or 

 tree, then that particular branch will 

 have to be given up to the new comer. 

 — Prairie Farmer. 



EXPERIMENTS IN ENGLAND WITH COLD 



STORAGE. 



DNTERESTING results have been 

 attained from the observations of 

 W. P. Wright, Superintendent of 

 Horticulture of Kent County, on 

 the cold storage experiments for fruits 

 at the works of J. & E. Hall, Dartford, 

 England The cold chambers were 

 fitted with brine walls and cooled to any 

 desired temperature by means of car- 

 bonic anhydride machines. 



The fruit being placed upon tiers of 

 galvanized wire shelves under three 

 different conditions. 



1. Exposed on the shelves. 



2. Enveloped in grease-proof paper. 



3. Surrounded or covered by cotton 

 wool. 



It was found that strawberries can be 

 kept for three weeks in a temperature 

 of 30°, but it was necessary to surround 

 the fruit with cotton wool, or in the case 

 of fruit in sieves, to place a pad of that 

 material over the top. Without this 

 precaution the fruit became dull and 

 lost the fresh, marketable appearance, 

 although perfectly sound. 



309 



