SPRAYING FOR MUSTARD. 



quickly responds to generous treatment. 



The currant grows vigorously on 

 sand, but fruits more heavily on clay, if 

 well tilled ; and the gooseberry is 

 almost a failure on sand, especially the 

 finer varieties. On clay, especially if on 

 a northern aspect, as for example on the 

 north slope of the Niagara escarpment, 

 where there is moisture, shade and 

 drainage, even the large English goose- 

 berries, such as Lord Dufferin, White- 

 smith, Crown Bob, etc., succeed remark- 

 ably well, while on the sand on the 

 level land below they are worthless. 



Raspberries and blackberries do best 

 on deep rich, moist sand, which does 

 not hold water in winter. On 

 such soil the Cuthbert often grows 

 canes eight feet high, and yields won- 

 derful crops of huge berries. The same 

 soil is most suitable for strawberries. 



With these data in view the young 



planter should plant wisely, and many 

 who are making no money should con- 

 sider whether the points here made do 

 not explain the reason. 



Much of the best sandy loam in the 

 fruit growing sections of Ontario is 

 planted to apples, land that would 

 bring a fine income if planted to 

 peaches, cherries, raspberries, straw- 

 berries or garden truck, such as toma- 

 toes, cauliflower or celery, but which 

 now rarely yields enough to pay the 

 taxes. We know Baldwin orchards on 

 sand, which only average one crop in 

 ten years, and one where the subsoil 

 was hard pan that only yielded two or 

 three good crops in forty years, and is 

 being made into fire wood. Had the 

 planter known something about soils 

 suited to fruits, he might have saved 

 himself a life of disappointed hopes. 



SPRAYING FOR MUSTARD. 



By Frank T. Shutt, M.A., Chemist, Dom. Expl. Farms. 



NE of the most persistent 

 weeds that farmers in many 

 parts of Canada have to con- 

 tend with is Mustard, commonly known 

 in Europe as Charlock. Though an 

 annual, it is most difficult to eradicate 

 from fields in which it has become 

 established, owing to the fact that the 

 seeds — of which a large number is 

 formed — are endowed with a strong 

 vitality and are preserved, by the oil 

 they contain, from decay until favour- 

 able conditions for sprouting occur. 



Pulling the Mustard when it appears 

 among the grain, or keeping the weed 

 from seeding by working the land (as 

 under a hoed crop) are the two methods 

 which have hitherto been in vogue to 

 exterminate this pest, and when the 



work is done thoroughly they may be 

 considered satisfactory and efficient. 

 The former, however, is always costly, 

 and the latter is sometimes not con- 

 venient. When, therefore, it was an- 

 nounced in the Agricultural Press that 

 spraying with certain solutions of sul- 

 phate of iron and sulphate of copper 

 had been tried successfully in England 

 and France, it was deemed advisable to 

 make similar experiments here. We 

 should then be in a position to furnish 

 information at first hand on this sub- 

 ject. 



The fields of the Experimental Farm 

 being free from this weed, it became 

 necessary to make the trials upon an 

 adjoining farm, and for this purpose a 

 field of barley was selected which showed 



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