THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST. 



Codlin, Gravenstein, Wolf River, 

 Wealthy and Ontario; the Primate 

 especially for a fall eating apple, the 

 Keswick Codlin for cooking, and the 

 Ontario and Duchess for market. The 

 Spy is small and inferior in quality all 

 through the Province. At Yarmouth 

 the apple tree is not vigorous ; it is 

 much subject to moss and fungus, and 

 especially to the old English apple tree 

 canker. Mr. Brown's gooseberry bushes 

 do well ; he has tried English varieties, 

 e. g., Yellow Amber, Industry, White 

 smith, White Champagne, Red War- 

 rington, and has never been troubled 

 with mildew. 



In the vicinity of Yarmouth neither 

 plums nor grapes will ripen in the open, 

 and no one attempts to grow them ex- 

 cept under special conditions. The 

 former Mr. C. E. Brown says he has 

 ripened trained espalier style on the 

 side of his house. We saw an espalier 

 at the home of Mrs. P. D. Kinney, a 

 Washington plum, well trained to nearly 

 cover one end of her house, and which 

 has yielded about one bushel in a single 

 season. 



Grapes may be ripened under glass 

 without heat as in England, and there 

 are about twenty of these cold graperies 

 about Yarmouth, all well filled with such 

 varieties as Black Hamburgh, Red 

 Chasselas, Tokay, etc. 



During our tour in Nova Scotia we 

 met some of the progressive apple 

 growers of that province, from whom we 

 gained much information. The Anna- 

 polis valley is justly famed as an apple 

 growing country, and has already gained 

 a good name for Nova Scotia apples in 

 the great markets of the world. Owing 

 to the moister climate of this province 

 the fruit ripens later than in Ontario, 

 so that the Ribston and the Wealthy 

 are counted winter apples, and the Spy 



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and Baldwin keep longer than the same 

 varieties grown in Ontario. 



Red Astracan and Duchess are grown 

 a little, and shipped to Newfoundland 

 via steamer, but the commercial orchards 

 are chiefly winter apples, such as we 

 grow in Ontario. The one grand ex- 

 ception is the Gravenstein, which has 

 been largely planted, and is freely ex- 

 ported to England. This apple is wor- 

 thy of a larger place in Ontario orchards; 

 the tree is one of the most thrifty grow- 

 ers, and quite productive of the very 

 finest apples. The Blenheim closely 

 competes with it in favor, and it is ques- 

 tionable which is the more to be com- 

 mended. 



Three well-known varieties have been 

 condemned in Nova Scotia as well as in 

 Ontario, viz. : the Fall Pippin for spot- 

 ting, the Ribston and the Spitzenberg 

 for want of vigor in tree. Another is on 

 the black list for spotting, viz. : the Mc- 

 intosh Red. Two most worthy varie- 

 ties seem too little known, viz.: the 

 Wealthy and the Ontario. Both these 

 varieties have been tested by Mr. Chas. 

 E. Brown, and have succeeded even at 

 Yarmouth. For several years he has 

 been reporting on them most favorably, 

 as varieties of the highest excellence for 

 all purposes, but as yet they have not 

 been much planted. 



The Baldwin is a great favorite among 

 winter sorts, bearing great crops each 

 alternate year, just as it once did in On- 

 tario ; but perhaps it would fail if they 

 were to plant whole orchards of this one 

 variety as we have done. The King, 

 they tell us, bears very well and is 

 counted a profitable variety, as are also 

 the Spy, Ben Davis and Nonpareil. 

 The latter closely resembles our Rox- 

 bury Russet, but is larger and darker 

 colored. 



Nova Scotia apple growers have an 



