The Canadian Horhculturi^ 



Vol. XXXVI 



FEBRUARY, 1913 



No. 2 



A Few Spraying Notes for Beginners 



A. G. Turney, Provincial Horticulturist, Fredericton, N. B. 



THE initial cost of a pump and outfit 

 deters many persons from spray- 

 ing their orchards although it is 

 very small as compared with the profits 

 obtainable as a result of intelligent 

 spraying. In purchasing be sure and 



A Barrel Outfit, Unmounted 



secure a pump of large enough capacity 

 to do all the work required in the least 

 possible time. Remember that the extra 

 amount of time and labor required to 

 spray an orchard with a small pump 

 may in one or two years more than ex- 

 ceed the extra first cost of a larger 

 pump. An outfit such as is itemized be- 

 low is large enough for an orchard of 

 one hundred to one hundred and fifty 

 trees. The catalogue prices, on which 

 there may be a small discount, are ap- 

 proximately as follow : 



No. 2, all brass pump (extra if porcelain 



lined) $15.00 



20 ft. y,-m<ih hose, with connections, stop 

 cock, 9 ft. bamboo extension rod a,n<i 

 double nozzle 7.60 



Braes wire stra iner 60 



Mounted on barrel on ekide. 



$23.10 

 extra 2.50 



$25.60 



This amounts to about twenty-five 

 cents a tree first cost for an orchard of 

 one hundred trees. This cost may be 

 charged to the orchard for six years, 

 the life of a pump under fairly favorable 

 conditions, and allowing four dollars 

 forty cents for repairs during that time, 

 then the cost only amounts to five dol- 

 lars a year for the whole orchard. Spray 

 materials cost about as follows in New 

 Brunswick : 



HETAJL PRICES IN FREDEEIOTON 



(APPROXIMATE) 



Concentrated lime-sulphur per 40-gallon cask. $8. 75 



Concentrated limensulphur per 20-gallon cask 4.75 



Concentrated lime-sulphur per 5 gallon drum 1.75 



Lead arsenate, per single pound 25 



Lead arsenate per 5 pouade 20 



Lead arsenate per 10 pounds — 17ya 



Lead arsenate per 25 pounds 15 



Lead arsenate per 50 pounds 13 



Lead arsenate per 100 pounds S2 



Paris Green per single pound) 25 



Bluestone per single pound 10 



Blueetone per 50 pounds 08 



Lime per 100-pound cask OOy^ 



Then the cost of sprays ready for use, 

 counting water free are as follows : 



WHITE SPRAYS 

 A gallons concentrated lime-sulphur at 22o . . 88o 

 36 gallona of water OOo 



Total cost per barrel of spray . . .' 88o 



SUMMER SPRAY OF POISONED LIME^ULPHUR 



1 gallon concentrated lime«ulphur at 22o . . 220 



2 Ibe. lead arsenate (in 5 lbs. lots) at 20c . . 40o 

 38 gallons of water OOo 



Total cost per barrel of spray 62o 



Note. — The cost of the lead arsenate 

 would be considerably less if purchased 

 in larger quantities (see table of prices). 



SUMMER SPRAY OP POISONED BORDEAUX 



4 lbs. bluestone at lOo 40o 



4 lbs. lime at YsO OSo 



% lbs, Paris Green at 25c 13o 



40 gallons water COo 



Total cost per barrel of spray 66o 



Time applying spray IVi hours per barrel. 



Two men and horae IVa hours 68o 



No provision is made in the foregoing 

 for the cost of mixing solutions and 



filling up the barrel. In spraying very 

 large trees a smal) spraying tower of 

 some sort will be necessary and can be 

 very easily made at home at a small 

 cost. 



HOW TO 8PRAT 



Spraying should in nearly every case 

 be done with the wind. When spraying 

 the first side of large trees, stop the 

 wagon or spray cart just as it comes 

 within a few feet of the tree and spray 

 the nearest side as far in and as com- 

 pletely as the spray can be driven; then, 

 drive directly opposite and spray all the 

 central parts thoroughly ; then, move 

 just past the tree and spray the last part 

 as far in as possible. In this way, near- 

 ly two-thirds of the tree will be covered 

 and when the wind changes it will be 

 easy to complete the spraying from the 

 other side. A very strong wind wastes 

 a little of the mixture, but it is very 

 seldom that there is any need of ceasing 

 operations because of its violence. In 

 spraying small trees it will not be neces- 

 sary to stop so long at each tree. 



Go through the orchard as soon as 

 the spray has dried on the trees, and if 

 you notice limbs or portions of the trees 

 here and there that have been missed. 



