February, 1913 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



37 



I 

 I 



Tomato Plants Growing in a House 60 x 200 feet, owned by R. H. Ellis, Leamington, Ont. 



7. The sprayings made early jn the 

 season seem to cause greater injury 

 than the later sprayings. 



8. The various sulphur preparations, 

 even when used at very weak strengths, 

 caused serious burning of the foliage. 

 It is remarkable that the self-boiled 

 lime-sulphur which may l^e safely used 

 on the tender foliage of the peach, 

 causes serious injury when used on 

 melons and cucumbers. On the other 

 hand, Bordeaux mixture that causes 

 serious injury when used on the peach 

 is the best fungicide for melons and 

 cucumbers. 



We have already reported our work 

 with the spraying of celery at Mac- 

 donald College. Spraying makes all the 

 difference between success and failure 

 with that crop. Celery is commonly at- 



tacked with an early and a late blight. 

 Sometimes both are working on ,the 

 same plant at one time. These diseases 

 are held in check by Bordeaux mixture. 

 The diseases are very persistent so that 

 the plants must be kept covered with 

 the spray from the seedling stage to the 

 harvest. 



The writer carried on a set of experi- 

 ments in New Brunswick seeking to 

 control the Tomato Leaf Sfxit. Leaf 

 Spot may. be controlled by Bordeaux 

 mixture. If amount of fruit is the only 

 consideration spraying would abundant- 

 ly pay. We have demonstrated to our 

 own satisfaction that leaf spot tends 

 to hasten fruiting, however, so that 

 Where a premium is placed upon easi- 

 ness, nothing is gained by spraying. 

 The problem seems to be : Does a limit- 

 Spray Calendar (Vegetables) 



ed amount of fruit pay as well or bet- 

 ter than a larger amount later on? 



The most of what we have said is 

 concerning plant disease. Remember 

 that all remedies used in dealing with 

 these maladies are preventive. They 

 cannot cure. In spraying we simply 

 cover our plants in an armor of copper 

 or iron and thus shut out the spores of 

 plant disease. If we spray a plant after 

 diseased, we simply shut the disease in, 

 where it flourishes until the host plant is 

 exhausted. 



Bacterial plant diseases, such as cause 

 soft rots, cannot be easily controlled. 

 They are within the tissue and cannot 

 be reached by sprays. Treating a plant 

 so affected would be like spraying a 

 patient suffering from consumption with 

 tuberculin. Mechanical methods, such 

 as digging out the plants and burning 

 them must be employed. The plants 

 cannot be saved, but such drastic me- 

 thods may hinder the spread of the dis- 

 ease to the remainder of the field. 



Plant lice cannot be poisoned. They 

 do not eat, and, therefore,' cannot be 

 reached by a stomach poison. Lice suck 

 up their food. They are usually very 

 difficult to control. We may only hope 

 to reach them by means of a contact 

 poison, that is, one that will kill the 

 insect by coming in contact with its 

 body. 



The biting insects are legion and have 

 Iseen met by every one. They eat foli- 

 age and can, therefore, be poisoned. 

 For these insects arsenic in some form 

 is used and is effective. To sum up, we 

 have: Fungous diseases, bacterial dis- 

 eases, biting insects, sucking insects. 

 Fungous diseases, controlled by sprays ; 

 biting insects, controlled by arsenical 

 poisons ; sucking insects, controlled by 

 contact poisons. A description of all 

 these maladies attacking the garden 

 cannot be given at this time. 



The best we know for the treatment 

 of vegetables is given in the accompany- 

 ing spray calendar : 



What to Spreyi For what to Spray. With what to Spray lat SprayinK 2nd Spraying 3rd Spraying 4th Spraying Remarks and Ooncluaione 



AsparjigTU ! Rust and Beetles 



Bean Aivthra«cano8e 



Arsenate of 

 Bordeaux . 



Bordeaux 



Lead. 



Paris Green or Arsen- 

 ate of Lead 



Cabbage Oabbace Worms 



Cauliflower Cabbage Root Maggot. 



Celery Early and Late Blight, j Bordeaux 



Cucumber a n d Bacterial Wilt 'Bordeaux 



Melons Cucumber Beetles j Various powders 



Onion Onion Maggot Pound nothing satisr 



! factory 



Potatoes E^arly and Light Blight 



Beetles 



Squash Cnoumbers and Sqnash 



Bug 



Tomato Leaf Spot. Early and 



Late Blight 



I 



Radish [Club-root Maggots 



Bordeaux, Paris Green 

 or Arsenate of Lead 



Bordeaux 



After cutting aear 

 son is over.. 



As reqtilred' •• 



As required 



On appearance of 

 ButterHy .... 



Seedling Stage. . 

 Seedling Stage. . 



When first ne- 

 cessary , 



Seedling Stage. 

 Seedlings 



Every 10 days, as required 

 Every 10 days 



Every 10 days, as re<ju'-oc 



10 Days later 10 Days latei 

 Kvery 10 days, as required 

 Every 10 days, as required 



A sticker may be neoessary. 



Seldom pays 



Sticker necessary 



Treatment for root maggot not 



satisfactory 

 Plants must be kept covered'. 



Plants attacked! by Wilt should 

 be burned 



Various compounds have been re- 

 commended for pouring in 

 soil. Not effective 



Don't use Lime-Sulphur 



Does not pay for very early fruit 



Applications of lime to soil aje useful for olubroot. Rotation, necessary. Do not rotate 

 with o&bbase. turnips or oa«illflower 



