70 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



March, 1913 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



Publiihad hj Tha Hortlculttira] 

 Publiihinc CompaiiT. Limited 



PETKRBORO, ONTAHIO 



The Only Horticultural Magazine 

 in the Dominion 



OVFIOIAI, ORaA.N OF THE ONTARIO AWD QCIBIO 



Fsurr Growbrs' AsaociATiONS 



H. BitoNSON Cowan, Manatrlng Director 



1. The Oanstdiaa HorticulturiBt Is Dublished on 

 th« 25th day of the month precoddng date of 

 issna 



2. Subacription price In Canada and Gkreat 

 Britain, 60 cents a year; two years, $1.00. For 

 United States and local subscriptions in Peter- 

 boro (not called for at the Post Offloe), 25 oenta 

 extra a year, including postage. 



3. Remdttiancee should lie made by Poet Offloe 

 or Express Money Order, or Registered Letter. 

 Postage Stamps accepted for amounts lees than 

 $1,00. 



4. The Law Is that Bubscribers to newepa;pers 

 are held responsible until all ajrearages are 

 paid and their i>aper ordered to be discontinued. 



5. Change of Addrcee— When a chemge of ad- 

 drees is ordered. lK)th the old and the new ad- 

 dressee must be given. 



6. Advertising rates $1.25 an Inch. Copy re- 

 ceived up to the 18th. Address all adverUeing 

 correspondence .and copy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont. 



7. Articles and lUuetratlons for publicatdon 

 will be thankfully received by the Editor. 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 



The following is a sworn Btatement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Hortioultuiist 

 for the year ending -with December, 1912. The 

 figures given are exclusive of samples ajid spoiled' 

 copies. Most months, including the sample cop- 

 ies, from 11,000 to 12,000 copies of The Canadian 

 Horticulturist are mailed to people known to 

 be interested in the growing of fruits, flowers 

 or vegetables. 



January, 1912 9,988 



February, 1912 10,437 



March, 1912 10,877 



April, 1912 11.788 



May. 1912 12.112 



June, 1912 10,946 



July. 1912 10,986 



August, 1912 11.148 



September. 1912 10,997 



October, 1912 ...10,971 



November, 1512 11,162 



December, 1912 11,144 



132,666 



Average each issue in 1907, 6,627 



" " " 1908, 8,695 



" '• 1909, 8,970 



" " " 1910, 9,067 



" " " '• 1911. 9.541 



" " 1912, 11,046 



February, 1913 M,I06 



Sworn detailed statements will be mailed 

 upon application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 



We guarantee that every advertiser is this issue 

 is reliable. We are able to do this because the 

 advertising columns of The Canadian Hortiout 

 turist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advertiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 your loss, provided such transaction occurs with- 

 in one month from date of this issue, that it is 

 reported to us within a week of its occurrence, 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 is a condition of this contract that in writing to 



^' ad/vertisers you state: "I saw your advertisement 



1 in The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not ply their trade at the exipense 

 of our subscribers, who are our friends, through 

 the medium of these columns; but we shall not 

 attempt to ad.iust trifling disputee between Bub- 

 scribers and honourable buelnees men who ad- 

 vertise, nor pay the debts of honest bankrupts. 

 Oommunloations should be addressed 



THE CANADIAN HOETTCUMTOMST, 



PBTEiEBORO, ONT. 



WPI fSPIIXl FMfSClKBiraHIBPlWCTiaB UPIWP raTHiPmCI 



1 EDITORIAL 1 



aa as 



SPRAYING SUCCESS 



Success in the operation of spraying 

 will be obtained only when the operator 

 knows when the material should be put on 

 and how it should be applied. More fail- 

 ures result from lack of knowledg^e on 

 these two points than from any others. 

 The spray should be applied in the form 

 of a very fime mist and the nozzle should 

 be so manipulated that every part of the 

 foliagre and fruit will be uniformly covered 

 with fine dots olf the spray. It is not 

 necessary that the folia^re and fruit should 

 be actually coated with the spray, but 

 every portion should be thickly peppered 

 with it. 



As a rule the higher and inner portions 

 of the tree are mot sufficiently sprayed. 

 The fact that the liquid may actually be 

 dripping from the lower branches will not 

 suffice to e>nsure satisfactory results as 

 long as the upper parts or inner portions 

 of the tree have not received the necessary 

 quantity. One of the chief defects of hamd 

 pumps is the fact that the pressure main- 

 tained is apt to be insufficient. For this 

 reason gasoline or other power outfits, 

 supplying a pressure of one hundred amd 

 twemty-five to one hundred and fifty 

 pounds, generally give the best results. 



When applying the liquid consideration 

 should be given to the size of the trees. 

 Small trees eight to ten years old do not 

 require more than three or four gallons 

 to a tree. Larger trees may meed five to 

 seven gallons and even more. Some trees 

 of considerable height need as high as 

 fifteen gallons to ensure thorough treat- 

 ment. Growers who neglect to watch such 

 points as these have only themselves to 

 blame if success does not attend their 

 efforts. Application to the various experi- 

 ment stations will enable any grower to 

 obtain free of cost all necessary informa- 

 tion dealing with the practice of spraying. 

 When opportunities of this character are 

 neglected and failure results growers need 

 not look elsewhere for the cause. 



EXPRESS RATES 



The recentlv published statistics of the 

 eaimings of the various express companies 

 in Canada show further reason why fruit 

 growers should continue to press their de- 

 mands for a thorough revision of existing 

 rates and a material reduction in them. 

 The gross receipts from operation of the 

 three Canadian companias last year weire 

 practically eleven million dollars. When 

 the express privileges, amounting to four 

 million eight hundred and ninety-two thou- 

 sand two hundred and forty-two dollars, 

 are deducted, the operating revftnue is 

 shown to have been six million one hundred 

 ?nd two thousand one hundred and seventy- 

 five dollars. As the operating expenses 

 were four million eight hundred and eighty 

 thousand one hundred and twenty, the net 

 revenue was one million two hundred and 

 twenty-two thousand and fifty-five. These 

 earnings enabled the Canadian Express 

 Company to show dividends on its capital 

 liability of sixteen decimal six per cent., 

 the Canadian Northern Express Company 

 dividends of nineteen decimal two per cent, 

 and the Dominion Express Company divi- 

 dends of thirty-one decimal six. The aver- 

 age per cent, of the three companies was 



around twenty-two per cent, in spite of the 

 fact that their stock has been heavily 

 watered. 



These earnings were made out of the 

 public. How, then, are the public treated 

 by the express companies ? Evidence 

 abounds which shows that wherever thev 

 feel that they have the power the com"^ 

 panies are ready to bleed the public white. 

 Take, out of many examples that might 

 be cited, one that was given by Mr. G. 

 E. Mcintosh at the recent short course 

 in horticulture at the Guelph College. Mr. 

 Mcintosh stated that the express rate from 

 Sarnia to Winnipeg is two dollars ninety 

 cents . From Forest to Winnipeg it is four 

 dollars twenty cents. Yet Forest is twenty- 

 three miles nearer to Winnipeg by rail 

 than is Sarmia. The explanation is that 

 Sarnia is a competing point where ship- 

 pers have their choice of different routes. 

 Such discrimination should not be allowed 

 to continue. It is evident that the express 

 companies can stand material reductions 

 in rates without hardship. Fruit growers 

 throughout Canada owe it to themselves 

 to continue to press for such reductions. 



SOCIETY OPTIONS 



Every year the directors of horticultural 

 societies in Ontario have to struggle with 

 the problem of arranging option lists 

 which will be attractive to their members 

 and a source of strength to their societies. 

 Some societies succeed with this work 

 better than others . This is due generally 

 to the fact that they are fortunate in hav- 

 ing members of wide experience on whom 

 they can call for information and assist- 

 ance. Many societies also succeed in ob- 

 taining better terms from seedsmen, at 

 home and abroad, than others who do. not 

 go into the matter so thoroughly or buy 

 on as large a scale. 



Is there not here an opportunity for the 

 Ontario Horticultural Association to as- 

 sist the individual societies ? A central 

 committee might easily be formed compos- 

 ed of the most experienced horticultural 

 authorities available who could obtain from 

 the different societies a statement of the 

 amounts they could afford to spend in pre- 

 miums. With this information before it. 

 such a committee could go into the matter 

 thoroughly and prepare premium lists 

 suitable for different societies accoird- 

 ing to their means. Such an arrangement 

 would make it possible also for the asso- 

 ciation to purchase supplies in larger 

 quantities and at correspandingly lower 

 prices than could the local societies. There 

 need be nothing in such an arrangement 

 that would prevent societies from supple- 

 menting such lists should they so desire. 

 We would suggest that this matter be 

 brouo-ht UD for discussion at the next con- 

 vention of the association. 



PARCELS POST A SUCCESS 



Even the most enthusiastic advocates of 

 parcels post in the United States did not 

 anticipate that the system would be taken 

 advantage of by the puWc to the extent 

 that it has been since it came into opera- 

 tion at the first of the year. The flood of 

 parcels that nearly inundated the post 

 offices of the countn' with the establish- 

 ment of the system has continued not only 

 unabated, but with increasing depth. Ac- 

 cording to a report from Washington, the 

 number of parcels transmitted through the 

 mails in January reached the enormous 

 sum of fortv millions. The number was 

 greater in the last half of the month than 



