224 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



September, 1913. 



The Canadian Horticulturist 



COMUINKD WITH 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 

 AND BEEKEEPER 



With wliich hns been incorporated 



The Cnnndian Bee Journnl. 



Publiihed by The Horticultural 



Publithing Company, Limited 



PKTKKBORO, ONTAKIO 



The Only Magazines in Their Field in the 

 Dominion 



Official Organs ok the Ontario and Quebec 



Fruit Growers' Associations 



AND OK The Ontario Beekeepers' Association 



H. Bbonson Cowan Managing Director 



UNITED STATES RERESENTATIVES 



STOOKWELL'8 SPEOIAl, AGENCY 

 Chicago Oflice— People's Gas Building. 

 New York Office— 286 5th Avenue. 



1. The Canadian Horticulturist is published in 

 two editions on the 25th day of the month pre- 

 ceding date of issue. The flr.st edition is known, 

 as The Canadian Horticulturist. It is devoted 

 exclusively to the horticultural interests of 

 Canada. The second edition is know as The 

 Canadian Horticulturist and Beekeeper. In this 

 edition several pages of matter appearing in the 

 first issue are replaced by an ©aual number of 

 pages of matter relating to the bee-keeping In- 

 terests of Canada. „ _. 



2. Subecription price of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist in Canada and Great Britain, 60 cents 

 a yesT; two years, $100. and of The Canadiin 

 Horticulturist and Beekeeper, $1.00 a year. For 

 United States and local sub.soript.ions in Peter- 

 boro (not called for at the Post Office), 25 cents 

 extra a year, including postage. 



3. Remittances should be made by Post Office 

 or Essprese Monev Order, or Registered letter. 



A The Law is that subscribers to new&pa,pers 

 are held responsible until all arrearages are 

 paid and their paper ordered to be discontinued. 



5 Change of Address— When a change of ad- 

 dress is ordered, both the old and the new ad- 

 dresses must be given. 



6 Advertising rates, $1.40 an inch. Copy re- 

 ceive d up to the 20th Address all advertising 

 corresipon deuce and ooipy to our Advertising 

 Manager, Peterboro, Ont 



CIRCULATION STATEMENT 

 The following is a sworn statement of the net 

 paid circulation of The Canadian Horticulturist 

 for the year ending with December, 1912. The 

 flgnrres given are exclusive of samples and spoiled 

 copies Most months, including the sample cop- 

 ies, from 13,000 to 15.000 copies of The Canadian 

 Horticulturist are mailed' to people known to 

 be interested in the growing of fruits, flowers 

 or vegetables. 



January, 1912 9,988 August, 1912 11,146 



February, 1912. .. .10,437 September. 1912. . .10,997 



March, 1912 10,877 October, 1912 10,971 



April, 1912 11,788 November, 1912. . .11,>162 



May, 191£ 12.112 December, 1912.. . .11.144 



.lune, 1912 10.946 



July, 1912 10,986 132,556 



Average each issue in 1907, 6,627 

 " " " 1908, 8,695 



" ' 1909, 8.970 



1910, 9,067 



1911, 9,541 



' 1912, ll,»-. 



August, 1913 12,360 



Sworn detailed statement* will be mailed 

 upon application. 



OUR GUARANTEE 

 We guarantee that every advertiser in this issue 

 is .reliable. We are able to do this because the 

 advertising columns of The Canadian Horticul- 

 turist are as carefully edited as the reading 

 columns, and because to protect our readers we 

 turn away all unscrupulous advertisers. Should 

 any advei-tiser herein deal dishonestly with any 

 subscriber, we will make good the amount of 

 his loee, provided such transaction occurs with- 

 in one month from date of this issue, that it is 

 reported to us within a week of its ooourrenoe. 

 and that we find the facts to be as stated. It 

 is a condition of this contract that in writing to 

 advertisers you state: "I saw your advertise- 

 ment in The Canadian Horticulturist." 



Rogues shall not ply their trade at the expense 

 of our subscribers, who are our friends, through 

 the medium of these columns; but we shall not 

 attempt to adjust trifling disputes betweern sub- 

 Rcribers and honourable business men who ad- 

 vertise, nor pay the debts of honest bankrupts. 

 Communications should be addressed 

 ^ THE CANADIAN HORTICU^mRI^. ^^ 



POWER FOR PRE-COOLING 



A factor that in the near future is go- 

 ing- to have a large bearing on the de- 

 velopment of wider markets for Canadian 

 fruit is the practice of pre-cooling before 

 shipment. Most particularly does this ap- 

 ply to the more perishable classes of fruits 

 such as peaches, plums, grapes and small 

 fruits. When fruit is placed in the ordinary 

 refrigerator cars several days elapse be- 

 fore the fruit becomes properly cooled. 

 When pre-cooled the heat is removed from 

 the fruit in a few hours, thus increasing 

 the distance for safe shipment and extend- 

 ing the market. 



The greatest difficulty that must be met 

 is the question of procuring cheap power. 

 At the present prices at which power can 

 be obtained or produced, pre-cooling proves 

 economical on a large scale only. 



In California, from which thousands of 

 carloads of citrous fruits are shipped an- 

 nually, pre-cooling plants with capacities 

 as high as twenty to thirty cars daily have 

 been established. When applied on such a 

 large scale as this the economical use of 

 power is assured. 



This power question is "the thorn in the 

 flesh." Growers in the Summerland dis- 

 trict of British Columbia are this season 

 working out a solution of the problem. 

 The Provincial Government, the Canadian 

 Pacific Railway and the municipality are 

 all cooperating to make the venture a suc- 

 cess. In this instance the fruit is to be 

 ftc-cooled in a portion of the warehouse, 

 the cost of fitting being met by the depart- 

 ment. The Canadian Pacific Railway will 

 provide free ice for one season, the part 

 played by the municipality being to supply 

 the electric power gratis. 



The carrying out of this scheme will be 

 followed with interest by Canadian fruit 

 growers in general. The establishment of 

 pre-cooling plants in the Niagara district 

 has often Iseen suggested and is a develop- 

 ment that is bound to come within the next 

 few years. Hydro-Electric may furnish the 

 solution of the power problem of this dis- 

 trict. 



MARKETING VEGETABLES 



To grow good vegetables is one thing ; 

 to market them to advantage is another. 

 Not a few growers have reaped but a 

 scanty reward from a whole season's work, 

 because they lacked a knowledge of the 

 essentials of. good marketing practice. 



Any ordinary grower can get the ordin- 

 ary price. In the endeavor to obtain a 

 fancy or even a fair price on a glutted mar- 

 ket, the most necessary essential is for the 

 producer to study the consumer's needs. 

 He who originates a method of marketing 

 which places his produce in the hands of 

 the consumer in a more attractive form than 

 that of his competitors is the man who 

 wins out. In this respect our neighbors 

 across the line seem to be leading the way. 

 The "Home Hamper" method of marketing 

 vegetables described in an article in this is- 

 sue, shows one example of what can be 

 done to build up a trade in a high class 

 product. 



But this is only one of many ways in 

 which the progressive ,gro\ver, who is cour- 

 ageous enough to break away from time- 

 worn methods and blaze a new trail, can 

 find an outlet for his produce at remuner- 

 ative figures. Instead of sticking to the 



style of package that has become common 

 in his neighborhood he can originate one 

 that would catch better the fancy of the 

 buying bublic. Then, too, be can provid<- 

 his packages with an appealing label thai 

 will also serve as a trade mark. The trade 

 will become accustomed to his brand and 

 will call for it. Many growers make a 

 great mistake just in this respect. 1 ney 

 place both the poor grade and the h '• 

 grade article in the same style of package. 

 The package therefore does not become a 

 criterion of the grade. 



Grading is most important. And tne 

 standard for each grade should be rigidly 

 maintained in the face of all price fluctua- 

 tions. Oftentimes greater returns will be 

 realized by marketing only the higher 

 grades and discarding the rest, than by 

 offering the entire lot as ordinary stock. 



The development of marketing methods 

 offers wonderful possibilities for the grower 

 to exert his ingenuity. Only the fringe of 

 this phase of the vegetable growing indus- 

 try ha^. yet been touched. Producers will 

 do well to give this matter serious atten- 

 tion. 



CENTRALIZATION JUSTIFIED 



The Central Selling Agency organized in 

 British Columbia this season is already 

 proving its worth. The organization is to 

 handle an order for thirty thousand boxes 

 of apples to be shipped to Australia. The 

 benefits of cooperation on a large scale are 

 at once apparent in a case such as this. 

 Only a large organization could handle an 

 order of this size. 



The securing of this order indicates that 

 Australia may become an extensive pur- 

 chaser of British Columbia fruit. This 

 would relieve to some extent the situation 

 in the west through the withdrawal of con- 

 siderable quantities of fruit from that mar- 

 ket. Cooperation on a large scale is all 

 that can bring this about. The relief it 

 would effect is much needed as this year 

 Washington State growers are giving both 

 British Columbia and eastern growers a 

 harder run than ever on the prairie mar- 

 kets. Freight reductions on the railroads 

 controlled by J. J. Hill are enabling them 

 to compete with us to greater advantage 

 than ever before. 



The United Fruit Companies of Nova 

 Scotia is proving the salvation of the apple 

 growers in that province. For example, 

 steamers are chartered outright with the 

 result that the traffic congestions that were 

 once so annoying are largely a thing of 

 the past. With such examples of the bene- 

 fits of centralization before us it is not 

 too much to expect splendid results from 

 the recently organized Central Selling 

 Agency for Ontario. 



The number of complaints emanating 

 from fruit shippers and commission men 

 indicates that the employees of express 

 companies are far too careless in the hand- 

 ling of fruit shipments. If the companies 

 are not able to impress upon their employ- 

 ees the fact that they are responsible for 

 the safe delivery of fruit handled by them, 

 then it is time that outside influences were 

 brought to bear on the matter. If an 

 inspector or inspectors could be appoint- 

 ed to investigate the extent of the loss 

 that fruit shippers experience in the 

 same manner that Mr. Mcintosh has hand- 

 led the question of freight rates, the 

 amount of damage reported would soon con- 

 vince the Government of the need of re- 

 medial measures. Some action should be 

 taken without delay. The express compan- 

 ies have managed aflfairs in their own way 

 too long. 



